A History of Modern Latin America (with Infotrac) [With Infotrac]

Preface xiii Colonial Prologue 1(1) Atahualpa and Pizarro 1(2) The Americas 3(1) The Conquest 4(1) The Developing Colony 5(2) The Mature Colony 7(3) Conclusions and Issues 8(1) InfoTrac College Edition 9(1) Part I Independence and Turmoil 10(98) The Coming of Independence 12(11) The ``Grito de Dolores'' 12(1) Causes of the Wars of Independence 13(6) Ideas and the Enlightenment 13(1) The Enlightenment in the New World 14(2) The Creoles and the Peninsulares 16(1) Issues of Trade and Commerce 16(1) The Invasion of Spain 17(2) Mexico: The Powder Keg Explodes 19(4) Conclusions and Issues 22(1) InfoTrac College Edition 22(1) The Coming of Independence to South America 23(19) Bolivar the Liberator 23(1) Venezuela 24(5) The Southern Cone Movements 29(9) Bolivia 31(1) Uruguay 32(2) Paraguay 34(1) Chile 35(1) Colombia and Ecuador 36(1) Peru 37(1) Spain 38(1) Counterrevolution 38(4) Conclusions and Issues 40(1) InfoTrac College Edition 41(1) The Independence Movements: On to Victory 42(19) The Wars of Independence 42(1) The Wars of Independence and the World 43(2) Bolivar Frees Colombia and Venezuela 45(3) Completion of Rio de la Plata's Independence 48(1) San Martin Crosses the Andes and Liberates Chile 49(1) Fortress Peru---The Last Royalist Bastion 50(1) Mexico: Marching to Different Drummers 51(2) Central America Follows the Leader 53(1) Final Patriot Victory in Peru and Bolivia 54(1) Brazil Follows Its Own Path to Independence 55(2) Recognition and the Monroe Doctrine 57(4) Conclusions and Issues 59(1) InfoTrac College Edition 60(1) The Meaning of War or the Heritage of Independence 61(11) William Tudor and Simon Bolivar 61(1) The Loss of Legitimacy 62(1) Economic Independence 63(3) New Ways and Old 66(2) Liberals and the Races 68(1) The Enduring Indian Nations 68(2) Imposition of Militarism 70(2) Conclusions and Issues 70(1) InfoTrac College Edition 71(1) The Search for Political Order: 1830s--1850s 72(36) Rosas Governs Argentina 72(1) The Background and Nature of Caudillos 73(32) Argentina 76(5) Brazil 81(1) Pedro II 82(1) Uruguay 83(1) Paraguay 84(2) Chile 86(2) Peru and Bolivia 88(3) Gran Colombia 91(1) Ecuador 91(2) Colombia 93(1) Venezuela 94(1) Mexico 94(7) Central America 101(1) Cuba and the Caribbean 102(2) Conclusions and Issues 104(1) Info Trac College Edition 105(1) Bibliography for Part I 105(3) Part II Nation Building 108(119) Progress 110(11) Order and Peace 110(2) The Positivists 112(2) Economic Transformation 114(7) Conclusions and Issues 119(1) InfoTrac College Edition 120(1) The Ways of Life 121(28) Mariquita's Complaint 121(1) The Peoples of Latin America 122(3) Amerindians and Mestizos 125(1) The End of Slavery 126(5) Women in the Nineteenth Century 131(4) Life in the Country 135(5) Life in the Cities 140(3) Religion and the Church 143(6) Conclusions and Issues 147(1) InfoTrac College Edition 148(1) The Development of Nations: Mexico and Central America 149(14) Mexico's Two Laws 149(1) Mexico 150(7) The War of the Reform 150(4) The Porfiriato 154(3) Central America 157(6) The Walker Invasion 158(1) Canals and Coffee 158(3) Conclusions and Issues 161(1) InfoTrac College Edition 162(1) The Development of Nations: South America 163(31) The Huascar 163(1) Venezuela and Its Caudillos 164(2) Colombia 166(2) Ecuador 168(1) Peru 169(5) Bolivia 174(4) Chile 178(2) Argentina 180(2) Uruguay and Paraguay 182(3) Brazil 185(9) Conclusions and Issues 192(1) InfoTrac College Edition 192(2) The Cultural Milieu 194(16) The Paradox of North America 194(2) Mental Emancipation 196(3) Literature 199(3) Modernism 202(2) Other Currents 204(3) Ariel and Caliban 207(3) Conclusions and Issues 208(1) InfoTrac College Edition 208(2) Changing Worlds and New Empires 210(17) Vindication of Cuba 210(1) The Emerging Colossus to the North 211(3) Commerce and Pan-Americanism 214(4) The Cuban-Spanish-American War 218(6) Conclusions and Issues 222(1) InfoTrac College Edition 223(1) Bibliography for Part II 224(3) Part III The Early Twentieth Century 227(73) Latin America in Global Perspective 227(2) Hemispheric Visions in 1900 229(3) Early Populism in South America 232(14) A Call to Arms 232(1) The Populists 232(2) The Reform Populists 234(12) Jose Batlle y Ordonez 234(4) Hipolito Yrigoyen 238(2) Arturo Alessandri 240(4) Conclusions and Issues 244(1) InfoTrac College Edition 244(2) Dictators of the Caribbean 246(16) The War of the Tigers and the Birds 246(1) The Dictators 247(1) Evolving U.S. Influence 248(11) Estrada Cabrera in Guatemala 251(3) Garcia Menocal of Cuba 254(3) Gerardo Machado 257(2) Non-intervention Policy in the 1920s 259(3) Conclusions and Issues 260(1) InfoTrac College Edition 261(1) Panama, Brazil, and Peru 262(20) The Canal Zone 262(1) Panama, Brazil, and Peru 263(1) Panama and the Canal 264(6) Brazil's Old Republic 270(7) Peru in the 1920s 277(5) Conclusions and Issues 280(1) InfoTrac College Edition 281(1) Early Revolutionaries: Mexico, Brazil, and Nicaragua 282(18) Land and Liberty 282(1) Revolution 283(2) The Mexican Revolutionaries 285(7) The Revolutionaries 291(1) Uneasy Twenties 292(7) Luis Carlos Prestes 292(3) Augusto Sandino 295(3) Conclusions and Issues 298(1) InfoTrac College Edition 298(1) Bibliography for Part III 299(1) Part IV Confronting Global Challenges 300(80) The 1930s: Years of Depression and Upheaval 302(23) Panama Elections of 1932 302(1) Economic Nationalism and Social Reform 303(14) Argentina and Brazil 304(2) Chile 306(1) Mexico 307(6) Colombia and Venezuela to World War II 313(4) Peru 317(1) Evolving U.S. Policy in the Caribbean Basin 317(2) The Classic Dictators 319(1) Batista and Trujillo 320(5) Conclusions and Issues 323(1) InfoTrac College Edition 324(1) Race, Culture, and Gender 325(14) Aprismo 325(1) Theories of Race 326(1) Vasconcelos, Freyre, Haya de la Torre, and Indigenismo 327(5) Gender in Modern Latin America 332(7) Conclusions and Issues 337(1) InfoTrac College Edition 337(2) Latin America in World War II 339(14) The Bonds of War 339(1) Inter-American Defense 340(2) Brazil in World War II 342(4) Mexico in World War II 346(3) Other Countries during the War 349(4) Conclusions and Issues 351(1) Info Trac College Edition 352(1) The Classic Populists 353(27) Sayings of don Pepe 353(2) Classic Populism 355(10) Getulio Vargas 356(3) Juscelino Kubitschek 359(3) Juan and Eva Peron 362(3) Andean Populists 365(11) Haya de la Torre 366(2) Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra 368(2) Romulo Betancourt 370(2) Jorge Eliecer Gaitan 372(3) Paz Estenssoro 375(1) Central American Populists 376(2) Arnulfo Arias 376(1) Conclusions and Issues 377(1) InfoTrac College Edition 378(1) Bibliography for Part IV 378(2) Part V The Contemporary Era 380(161) Mexico since World War II 384(24) The Zapatista Revolt of 1994 384(3) Miguel Aleman, 1946--1952 387(5) Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, 1952--1958 392(1) Adolfo Lopez Mateos, 1958--1964 393(2) Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, 1964--1970 395(2) Luis Echeverria, 1970--1976 397(2) Death of the Revolution 399(3) Economic Upheavals 402(6) Conclusions and Issues 407(1) InfoTrac College Edition 407(1) Colombian Conundrum 408(17) The Assassination of Gaitan 408(1) La Violencia 409(2) The Conservative Era 411(3) National Front, 1958--1974 414(1) Beyond the National Front 415(5) The Drug Trade 416(2) The Guerrillas 418(2) Economic and Social Successes 420(5) Conclusions and Issues 424(1) InfoTrac College Edition 424(1) Caribbean Basin Countercurrents 425(14) A Slave's Story 425(1) Storm Warnings Offshore 426(1) Figueres Revolution 426(3) Guatemalan Revolution of 1954 429(2) Duvalier Dynasty in Haiti 431(4) Panama in the Spotlight 435(4) Conclusions and Issues 438(1) InfoTrac College Edition 438(1) The Cuban Revolution and Its Aftermath 439(24) The Voice of the Revolution 439(1) Cuban Revolution 440(10) Ernesto ``Che'' Guevara 450(2) Global Impact of the Cuban Revolution 452(2) Dominican Intervention 454(3) Sandino's Revenge in Nicaragua 457(6) Conclusions and Issues 461(1) InfoTrac College Edition 462(1) The National Security States 463(23) A Call for Peruvian Reform 463(1) New Military Missions 464(22) Argentina 465(4) Brazil 469(4) Chile 473(5) Uruguay 478(1) Peru 479(5) Conclusions and Issues 484(1) InfoTrac College Edition 485(1) Democratization and Conflict since 1980 486(37) A New Religious Passion 486(1) Recession and Neoliberalism 487(3) The Transition to Democracy 490(4) Peru 490(2) Argentina 492(1) Brazil 493(1) Generalizations 494(1) Neopopulism 494(18) Peru 496(6) First U.S. President Visits Peru 502(1) Brazil 503(5) Argentina 508(2) Venezuela 510(2) Central America and the Caribbean 512(3) Sandinistas versus Contras 512(3) Narcotraffickers and Politics 515(1) Panama 516(2) Cuba's Adjustment to Post-Cold War Politics 518(5) Conclusions and Issues 521(1) InfoTrac College Edition 522(1) Into the Twenty-first Century 523(18) Bilingual Blues 523(1) Latin America and the U.S. Presidents 524(2) Economics and Revolutionaries 526(1) Soldiers and Civilians 526(1) Latin America and Globalization 527(1) Recession and September 11, 2001 528(1) Homogenized Latinos 529(3) Challenges for the Future 532(2) Preserving Diversity 534(4) Centennial Appraisals 538(3) Conclusions and Issues 540(1) InfoTrac College Edition 541(1) Bibliography for Part V 541(3) Glossary 544(3) General Bibliography 547(3) Photo Credits 550(2) Index 552