Against the Draft : Essays on Conscientious Objection from the Radical Reformation to the Second World War

List of Illustrations vii Foreword ix Martin Ceadel Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 3(11) Conscientious Objection among the Polish Antitrinitarians 14(21) A Polish Antitrinitarian in Defence of Conscientious Objection to Military Service (1575) 35(9) Conscientious Objection among the Doopsgezinden 44(8) Experiences of Quakers Pressed into the Royal Navy 52(13) Conscientious Objectors in Revolutionary and Napoleonic France 65(19) The Peace Sects of Upper Canada and the Military Question 84(12) Militia Objectors in the Channel Islands 96(13) When Seventh-day Adventists First Faced the Draft: Civil-War America 109(10) Quaker Conscientious Objectors in Norway, 1814--1902 119(22) Nazarenes Confront Conscription in Dualist Hungary 141(14) Tolstoy and the Imprisonment of Conscientious Objectors in Imperial Russia 155(17) The Skarvan Case: The Trial and Imprisonment of a Slovak Tolstoyan 172(16) The Emergence of Conscientious Objection in Japan 188(7) `Boy Conscription' in Australia and New Zealand: The Experiences of the Conscientious Resisters 195(27) Prison Samizdat of British Conscientious Objectors in Two World Wars 222(21) Weaponless in the British Armed Forces: The Non-Combatant Corps in the First World War 243(14) Hobhouse and Brockway: Conscientious Objectors as Pioneer Convict Criminologists 257(24) The Confinement of Conscientious Objectors as Psychiatric Patients in First-World-War Germany 281(20) Imperial Russia at War and the Conscientious Objector, August 1914--February 1917 301(12) Vladimir Chertkov and the Tolstoyan Antimilitarist Movement in the Soviet Union 313(16) Experiences of Conscientious Objectors in the Soviet Union to 1945 329(36) Conscientious Objectors in Interwar Poland 365(13) Six Weeks at Hawkspur Green: A Pacifist Episode during the Battle of Britain 378(23) British Conscientious Objectors as Medical Paratroopers in the Second World War 401(24) Jehovah's Witnesses as Conscientious Objectors in Nazi Germany 425(24) Index 449