Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age 1798 1939

Preface to the 1983 reissue Notes on transliteration and references 1. The Islamic state 2. The Ottoman empire 3. First views of Europe 4. The first generation: Tahtawi, Khayr Al-Din, and Bustani 5. Jamal Al-Din Al-afghani 6. Muhammad 'Abduh 7. 'Abduh's Egyptian disciples: Islam and modern civilization 8. Egyptian nationalism 9. Rashid Rida 10. Christian secularists: Shumayyil and Antun 11. Arab nationalism 12. Taha Husayn 13. Epilogue: past and future Select bibliography Index.