Archives of Empire : From the East India Company to the Suez Canal

Acknowledgments xix General Introduction: Readings in Imperialism and Orientalism xxi Volume Introduction: From the Company to the Canal 1(12) I. COMPANY TO CANAL, 1757-1869 INTRODUCTION: Adventure Capitalism: Mercantilism, Militarism, and the British East India Company 13(3) Chronology of Events 16(1) List of the Governors and Governors-General of India 17(1) List of the Newabs of Bengal 18(1) India under Cornwallis (1792) [map] 19(1) India under Wellesley (1799) [map] 19(1) India under Hastings (1832) [map] 20(1) India under Dalhousie (1856) [map] 20(1) G.A. (George Alfred) Henty, Excerpt from With Clive in India (n.d.) 21(4) "Agreement between the Nabob Nudjum-ul-Dowlah and the Company, 12 August 1765" 25(2) Anonymous, An Inquiry into the Rights of the East India Company of Making War and Peace (1772) 27(4) East India Company Act, 1773 31(8) James Mill, "The Constitution of the East India Company" (1817) 39(8) James Mill, Letter to Durmont (1819) 47(1) John Stuart Mill. Excerpt from Autobiography (1873) 48(1) Government of India Act, 1833 49(5) Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, "A Speech, Delivered in the House of Commons on the 10th of July, 1833" 54(5) Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Lord Clive" (1840) 59(13) Samuel Lucas, "The Spoliation of Oude" (1857) 72(9) Sir Arthur Wellesley, "Memorandum on Marquess Wellesley's Government of India" (1806) 81(8) II. ORIENTAL DESPOTISM INTRODUCTION: Oriental Despotisms and Political Economies 89(3) Baron de Montesquieu, "Distinctive Properties of a Despotic Government" (1746) 92(1) Baron de Montesquieu, Excerpts from Persian Letters (1721) 92(3) Adam Smith, "America and the East Indies" (1776) 95(12) Robert Orme, "Of the Government and People of Indostan" (1782) 107(4) John Stuart Mill, Excerpt from The Principles of Political Economy (1848) 111(2) John Stuart Mill, Excerpt from "Considerations on Representative Government" (1861) 113(4) Karl Marx, "On Imperialism in India" (1853) 117(14) III. THE IMPEACHMENT OF WARREN HASTINGS INTRODUCTION: Warren Hastings: Naughty Nabob or National Hero? 131(4) Warren Hastings, "Warren Hastings to the Court of General Directors, 11 November 1773" 135(2) Warren Hastings, Excerpt from Memoirs Relative to the State of India (1786) 137(6) Edmund Burke, "Edmund Burke on the Impeachment of Warren Hastings, 15-19 February 1788" 143(13) Westminster Hall during the trial of Warren Hastings (1788) [illustration] 156 Fanny Burney, Diary Selections (1788) 155(5) Edmund Burke, "From the Third Day of Edmund Burke's Speech Opening the Impeachment, 18 February 1788" 160(3) Warren Hastings, "From the Address of Warren Hastings in His Defence, 2 June 1791" 163(3) Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Warren Hastings" (1841) 166(5) IV. THE CASE OF TIPU SULTAN INTRODUCTION: Tipu Sultan: Oriental Despot or National Hero? 171(2) G.A. Henry, Excerpts from The Tiger of Mysore (189?) 173(1) "Tippoo Sahib at the Lines of Travancore" (1789) [illustration] 174(1) Major Diram, "Treaties of Peace, and Review of the Consequences of the War" (1793) 175(5) Selected Letters between Tipu and Company Governors-General, 1798-1799 180(15) Wilkie Collins, "Prologue: The Storming of Seringapatam, 1799" (1869) 195(8) V. ORIENTALISM INTRODUCTION: Orientalism: The East as a Career 203(3) Mary Shelley, Excerpts from Frankenstein (1813/1831) 206(2) Benjamin Disraeli, Excerpt from Sibyl, or the Two Nations (1845) 208(1) Definitions from the Hobson Jobson Dictionary 209(10) G.W.F Hegel, "India" (1822) 219(4) William Jones, "A Discourse on the Institution of a Society for Inquiring into the History, Civil and Natural, the Antiquities, Arts, Sciences, and Literatures of Asia" (1784) 223(4) Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Minute on Indian Education" (1835) 227(12) Max Müller, "The Aryan Section" (1876) 239(10) VI. LAWS AND ORDERS INTRODUCTION: Ordering "Chaos": Administering the Law 249(2) Robert Orme, "Of the Laws and Justice of Indostan" (1782) 251(10) Sir William Jones, Preface to "Institutes of Hindu Law: Or, the Ordinances of Menu" (1794) 261(7) Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Introductory Report upon the Indian Penal Code" (1837) 268(17) VII. THUGGEE/THAGI INTRODUCTION: Decriminalizing the Landscape: Thugs and Poisoners 285(3) A thug "family tree" (1836) [illustration] 288(1) Thug depradations (1836) [map] 288(1) Thugs giving a demonstration of their method of strangulation (1855) [photo] 289 Captain William H. Sleeman, "The Ramaseeana, or Vocabulary of the Thug Language" (1839) 287(10) Captain William H. Sleeman, Excerpts from The Thugs or Phansigars of India: History of the Rise and Progress (1839) 297(10) Fanny Parks Parlby, "A Kutcherry or Kachahri" (1850) 307(7) Philip Meadows Taylor, "Thugs" (1877) 314(1) Philip Meadows Taylor, Excerpts from Confessions of a Thug (1837) 315(7) Captain William H. Sleeman, "Thug Approvers" (1833-1835?) 322(15) VIII. SUTTEE/SATI INTRODUCTION: Sati/Suttee: Observances, Abolition, Observations 337(3) Colonel Henry Yule and A.C. Burnell, "Suttee" [definition] (1903) 340(10) Lord William Bentinck, "Bentinck's Minute on Sati, 8 November 1892" 350(11) Sati Regulation xvii, A.D. 1829 of the Bengal Code, 4 December 1829 361(3) "The Duties of a Faithful Widow," from Digest of Hindi Law (n.d.) 364(5) Raja Ram Mohan Roy, "Petitions and Addresses on the Practice of Suttee (1818-1831)" 369(5) G.W.F Hegel, On Sati (1822) 374(1) Charles Dickens, Death by Fire of Miss Havfsham (1861) 375(2) Jules Verne, "Fogg Rescues a Sati" (1873) 377(2) Maspero Jingle [advertisement for Maspero Egyptian cigarettes] 379(1) Ernest Renan, On Suttee (1893) 380(1) Flora Annie Steel, "The Reformer's Wife" (1933) 381(10) IX. THE INDIAN UPRISING/SEPOY MUTINY 1857-1858 INTRODUCTION: The "Asiatic Mystery": The Sepoy Mutiny, Rebellion, or Revolt 391(5) Chronology of Events 396(1) Rulers and Rebels: Some Major Figures 397(3) Excerpts from The Who's Who of Indian Martyrs (1969-1973) 400(2) "Portrait of Nana Sahib" [illustration] 402(4) "Sepoys, 1757" (1890) [illustration] 406(1) "Attack of the Mutineers on the Redan Battery at Lucknow, July 30, 1857" (n.d.) [illustration] 406(1) "The Asiatic Mystery As Prepared by Sepot' D'Israeli" (5857) [illustration] 407 "Proclamation to the People of Oude on Its Annexation. February 1856" 404(5) "Sir Henry Lawrence's Essay of 1843, Forecasting the Events of 1857" 409(4) Rani Lakshmi Bai (The Rani of Jhansi), "Letters of Rani Lakshmi Bai" (1853-1854) 413(7) Title page from The Queen's Desire (1893) [reproduction] 420 Hume Nisbet, Preface and Excerpt from The Queen's Desire: A Romance of the Indian Mutiny (1893) 419(3) "The Ranee's Death" (1893) [illustration] 422(6) The King of Oude's Manifesto from the Delhi Gazette, 29 September 1857 428(5) Karl Marx, "The Revolt in India," "The Indian Question," "British Incomes in India," and "The Annexation of Oude" (1857-1858) 433(16) Colonel C. Chester, "Final Orders to the Musketry Schools" (1857) 449(2) Selected Documents from John William Kaye's The History of the Sepot' War in India, 1857-1858 (1880), including "The Chupatties" and "The Bone-Dust Story" 451(8) Act. No. XIV of 1857 (on the punishment of soldiers under Company rule) (i880) 459(2) Charles Ball, "Summary Justice" (n.d.) 461(18) "Justice" (1857) [illustration] 479 Selected Correspondence of Queen Victoria (1857) 478(7) Anonymous, "How to Make an Indian Pickle" (1857) 485(2) "The British Lion's Vengeance on the Bengal Tiger" (1857) [illustration] 487 Bholanauth-Chunder (attributed to), "The Punishment of Allahabad" (1857) 486(2) "Pity for the Poor Sepoys!" (1857) [editorial letter] 488(1) Reverend J. Johnson Walsh, Excerpts from A Memorial of the Futtehgurh Mission and Her Martyred Missionaries: With Some Remarks on the Mutiny in India (1859) 489(21) "The Execution of 'John Company'" (1857) [illustration] 510(9) Anonymous, "England's Great Mission to India" (1879) 519(10) Henry Gilbert, "Doubts and Forebodings" (n.d.) 529(6) Henry Gilbert, "What the Native Thought" (n.d.) 535(4) Rudyard Kipling, "The Grave of the Hundred Head" (1899) 539(3) Alfred Tennyson, "The Defence of Lucknow" (1879) 542(4) Alfred Tennyson, "English War-Song" (n.d.) 546(1) M.B. Synge, "The Indian Mutiny" (1908) 547(8) X. THE SUEZ CANAL: THE GALA OPENING INTRODUCTION: Spectacular Suez: The Opening Gala of the Suez Canal 555(3) "Opening of the Suez Canal at Port Said: Presence of the Imperial and Royal Visitors" (1869) [illustration] 558(1) "Opening of the Suez Canal: The Procession of Ships in the Canal" (1869) [illustration] 558 Selected Correspondence of Giuseppe Verdi (1870) 557(9) Baron Samuel Selig de Kusel, Excerpt from An Englishman's Recollections of Egypt 1863 to 1887 (1915) 566(9) XI. THE SUEZ CANAL: THE BUILDER, FERDINAND DE LESSEPS INTRODUCTION: "The Master Builder" and His Designs: Ferdinand De Lessees 575(3) "Ferdinand De Lessees Bestrides His Canal" (n.d.) [illustration] 578(1) Chronology of Events 579(1) Ferdinand De Lessees, "Inquiry into the Opinions of the Commercial Classes of Great Britain on the Suez Ship Canal" (1857) [pamphlet] 580(4) Ferdinand De Lessees, Excerpts from The Suez Canal: Letters and Documents Descriptive of Its Rise and Progress in 1854-56 (1876) 584(20) Charles Frederic Moberly Bell, Excerpt from From Pharaoh to Fellah (1888) 604(7) XII. THE SUEZ CANAL: THE CANAL AND ITS CONSEQUENCES INTRODUCTION: The Battlefield of the Future: The Canal and Its Consequences 611(3) "A Stretch of the Canal Is Hollowed Out / The Men Who Have Hollowed It" (n.d.) [illustration] 614(3) "From the Great Pyramid. (A Bird's-Eye View of the Canal and Its Consequences.)" (1869) [illustration] 617 Anonymous, "Latest-From the Sphinx" (1869) [editorial poem] 615(2) Anonymous, "The Sultan's Complaint" (1869) [editorial poem] 617(2) Ferdinand De Lessees, "Report to His Highness the Viceroy of Egypt on the Fellah Workmen to be Employed by the International Suez Canal Company" (1856) 619(3) "The Official Firman of Concession Granted by the Viceroy of Egypt Mohamed Said, to Ferdinand De Lesseps, 1854" 622(3) "Charter of Concession and Book of Charges for the Construction and Working of the Suez Grand Maritime Canal and Dependencies" (1856) 625(6) "Agreement of February 22, 1866, Determining the Final Terms as Ratified by the Sublime Porte" 631(7) Edward Dicey, "Why Not Purchase the Suez Canal?" (1883) 638(17) Charles Royle, "De Lessees and the Canal" (1900) 655(6) D.A. Cameron, "The Suez Canal" (1898) 661(9) "Mose in Egitto!!!" (1875) [illustration] 670(1) Lord Herbert Edward Cecil, "A Day on the Suez Canal (1905)" (1921) 671(6) "The Lion's Share" (1876) [illustration] 677(4) XIII. THE ARABI UPRISING INTRODUCTION : The Arabi Uprising: "Egypt for the Egyptians" or British Egypt 681(4) Chronology of Events 685(1) Important Figures 685(3) "Hold On!" (1882) [illustration] 688(1) "The Neddy of the Nile" (1882) [illustration] 688 Bob McGee, "De War in Egypt" (1882) 686(1) W.E. Gladstone, "Aggression on Egypt and Freedom in the East" (1887) 687(9) Lord Cromer, "The Mutiny of the Egyptian Army" (1908) 696(11) Arabi's Appeal to Gladstone (1882) 707(2) "Rioters at Alexandria" (1882) [illustration] 709(1) "The Crisis in Egypt" (1882) [illustration] 710(1) E.M. Forster, "The Bombardment of Alexandria (1882)" (with map) 711(3) Wilfred Scawen Blunt, "The Arabi Trial" (1907) 714(23) "The Sublime-'Super!'" (1882) [illustration] 737 Lady Gregory, Arabi and His Household (1882) [pamphlet] 736(11) XIV. PILGRIMS, TRAVELERS, AND TOURISTS INTRODUCTION: Holy Lands and Secular Agendas 747 Lady Duff Gordon, "Cairo Is the Real Arabian Nights" (1865) 749(3) Richard F Burton, "Suez" (1855) 752(17) Stanley Lane-Poole, "The Two Cities" (1902) 769(6) Charles M. Doughty, Excerpt from Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888) 775(4) Itineraries from Programme of Arrangements for Visiting Egypt, the Nile, Sudan, Palestine, and Syria (1929-1930) 779(1) "Egyptian Native Types" (n.d.) [illustration] 780