Biodiversity Conservation, Law and Livelihoods : Bridging the North-South Divide

Acknowledgments ix Message from Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations xi Macquarie Statement xiii Contributors xv Introduction 1(8) Michael I. Jeffery Jeremy Firestone Karen Bubna-Litic PART ONE. THE CONTEXT Environmental Law Forty Years Later: Looking Back and Looking Ahead 9(17) Joseph L. Sax Biodiversity and International Law: Historical Perspectives and Present Challenges: Where Do We Come From, Where Are We Going? 26(17) Francoise Burhenne-Guilmin Some Observations on the IUCN, the Earth Charter, and Global Governance 43(6) Brendan Mackey The Changing Role of Law in the Pursuit of Sustainability 49(20) Paul Martin PART TWO. BIODIVERSITY: ITS CONSERVATION Section A. Needs, Problems, Prerequisites Biodiversity Conservation in the Context of Sustainable Human Development: A Call to Action 69(25) Michael I. Jeffery Legal and Paralegal Rules for Biodiversity Conservation: A Sequenc of Conceptual, Linguistic, and Legal Problems 94(38) D. E. Fisher Future Directions in Conservation of Biological Diversity: An Interdisciplinary Approach 132(23) Abdul Haseeb Ansari Section B. Implementation of the CBD Experience, Mistakes, and Challenges: The Implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Brazil 155(26) Jose Rubens Morato-Leite Heline Sivini Ferreira Patryck de Araujo Ayala Section C. National and Regional Legal and Institutional Tools and Regimes EC Law and Biodiversity 181(12) Nicholas de Sadeleer Community-Based Biodiversity Conservation in the Pacific: Cautionary Lessons in ``Regionalising'' Environmental Governance 193(34) Justin Rose PART THREE. CONSERVATION MEASURES Section A. Area-Based Measures The Recent NSW Experience, from Regional Forest Agreements to Brigalow and the Introduction of the Community Conservation Area 227(6) R. J. Debus Local People's Perceptions and Attitudes towards the Management of Nech-Sar National Park, Ethiopia 233(18) Desalegn Wana Japanese MPAs at a Turning Point: Nomination of Shiretoko for World Heritage Status 251(14) Yasuhiko Kagami Section B. Species-Based Measures Ten Years of Threatened Species Legislation in NSW - What Are the Lessons? 265(15) Karen Bubna-Litic Sanctuaries, Protected Species, and Politics - How Effective Is Australia at Protecting Its Marine Biodiversity under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999? 280(26) Ilona Miller Jessica Wood Legal Stewardship of Mountain Regions: The Emerging Ecoregime 306(23) Nicholas A. Robinson PART FOUR. USES OF COMPONENTS OF BIODIVERSITY Legal Framework for the Ecological and Biodiversity Needs of Soil: Progress towards an International Instrument for the Sustainable Use of Soil 329(18) Ian Hannam The Ghanaian Forestry Regime: Bridging the Gap between the North and the South 347(11) George A. Sarpong Bridging the Dominant-Indigenous Peoples Cultural Divide: Reflections on Makah Whaling 358(25) Jeremy Firestone Jonathan Lilley PART FIVE. PROCESSES AFFECTING BIODIVERSITY Section A. Global Warming Biodiversity and Climate Change Laws: A Failure to Communicate? 383(17) David R. Hodas Emissions Trading: A Fantasy for China to Combat Global Warming? 400(23) Bo Miao Section B. Land Management A Brief Historical Comparison of the Public Land Disposal Policies in Brazil and in the United States 423(18) Arlindo Daibert Protecting Ecological Functions: Ecological Function Zoning and Conservation Zones in the PRC 441(14) Qun Du The Successful Ecograss Project and the Policy and Legal Issues Met and Solved 455(10) Na Li Liu Yanchun Zhang Hui PART SIX. BIOSECURITY ISSUES Section A. Invasive Species Prevention and Control of Alien Invasive Species - China's Implementation of the CBD 465(20) Yuhong Zhao Section B. Genetically Modified Organisms Who Is to Blame? Liability and Redress Related to GMOs 485(15) Loretta Feris The Reality and Effect of ``Advance Informed Agreement'' under the Cartagena Protocol 500(29) Rosemary Lyster PART SEVEN. ACCESS AND BENEFIT-SHARING Section A. The Situation in Antarctica Access, Obligations, and Benefits: Regulating Bioprospecting in the Antarctic 529(24) Alan D. Hemmings Michelle Rogan-Finnemore Section B. Indigenous Intellectual and Cultural Property Rights Biotechnological Innovations, Genetic Resources, and Traditional Knowledge: Current Developments at the World Intellectual Property Organization 553(26) Burton Ong Sharing All the Benefits: The Challenge of Legal Recognition of Indigenous Intellectual and Cultural Property Rights in the Fiji Islands 579(14) Pio E. Manoa Isoa Korovulavula Index 593