Decision-Making in Nursing : Thoughtful Approaches for Practice

Foreword vii Preface xiii About the Editors xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Contributors xxv Chapter 1 Know Yourself: Reflective Decision-Making 1 Marie Truglio-Londrigan and Sandra B. Lewenson Self-Reflection and Decision-Making 2 Use of Self 3 Know Yourself 4 Self-Reflection Assists Decision-Making 9 Chapter 2 Looking Back: History and Decision-Making in Health Care 13 Sandra B. Lewenson Case Study: A Community Assessment of the Lower East Side of NewYork City, 1893 14 Nursing History Informs the Decision-Making Process 18 A Historical Look at Decision-Making in Nursing 20 Historical Critiques Assist Decision-Making in Nursing 22 Chapter 3 Right or Wrong: Legal and Ethical Issues and Decision-Making 29 Elizabeth Furlong Nebraska Case Study 29 Legal Aspects 33 National Council of State Boards of Nursing 34 Ethical Decision-Making 36 Nebraska Nurses Respond to the Nebraska Amendment 41 The Update of the Nebraska Case Study 42 Chapter 4 More than Prayer: Spirituality and Decision-Making 47 Joy Buck Spirituality and Decision-Making Defined 49 Rites and Rights of Living and Dying 50 Spirituality and Decision-Making in Contemporary Times 53 Spirituality, Nursing, and Decision-Making: Where to Go from Here? 63 Chapter 5 Culture and Decision-Making 71 Caroline Camu as Culture 72 Patterns of Knowing 75 Care and Caring 76 Unknowing 77 Feminist and Womanist 77 Sociopolitical 78 In-Between and Beyond 79 Dialogue 79 Judging Other Cultures 80 What to Do 81 Culture and Decision-Making Maker 83 Chapter 6 Who Is Family?: Family and Decision-Making 89 Susan Salmond Who Is the Family? 90 The Family Role in the Illness Experience 91 The Impact of Illness on the Family 94 Information Giving 99 Incorporating the Family in Decision-Making 100 Chapter 7 Media and Decision-Making 105 Sandy Summers and Harry Jacobs Summers Case Study 106 The Pervasive Influence of the Media 110 Effects of Media on Health Care and Nursing 110 Nursing's Role in Shaping Health Messages 112 Media Portrayal of Nurses: The Stereotypes 113 The Challenge of Getting "Real Nursing" into the Media 118 The Process of Communicating 118 Nurses Must Improve Nursing's Image in Order to Improve Health Care 119 Reaching Out to the Media 121 Appoint a Public Relations Professional to Promote Nursing 121 Provide News Resources for the Media 121 Creating Media with Accurate Depictions of Nurses 122 Present a Professional Image of Nursing 124 Nursing's Influence on the Health Care Decisions of Others 125 Send Feedback to the Media 126 Chapter 8 Flattening the Field: Group Decision-Making 131 Marie Truglio-Londrigan What Is Group Decision-Making? 132 Shared Values and Collective Action for the Common Good 134 Why Consensus? 137 Techniques and Tools for Consensus 138 Outcomes of Consensus 139 Case Study 140 Chapter 9 Evidence-Based Decision-Making 145 Christine Pintz The Evidence-Based Practice Trend 146 Why Evidence-Based Practice? 147 Asking a Clinical Question 147 Where to Find Evidence to Guide Practice 148 Assessing the Quality of Studies 149 Critical Appraisal 150 Hierarchy of Evidence 150 Decision Analysis 151 Using Evidence for Practice 151 Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice 153 Models of Evidence-Based Practice 154 Case Study 155 Chapter 10 Right on the Money: Economics and Decision-Making 159 Marcia E. Tyler-Evans Macro-Level and Decision-Making 160 Trends Affecting Economics 161 Applying Macro-Level Economics to Micro-Level Economic Decision-Making 170 The Context of the Case Study: The Macro- and the Micro-Level 171 Chapter 11 Getting Involved: Public Policy and the Decision-Making Process 179 Judith K. Leavitt Policy, Politics, and Values 180 The Policy Process 180 Influencing the Process: Political Action 185 Case Study 1 187 Case Study 2 188 Index 193