Ecology for Nonecologists

Preface xiii PART ONE: Fundamental Ecology Introduction 3(22) Setting the Stage 3(6) History of Ecology 9(5) Levels of Organization 14(1) Ecosystem 15(4) Summary of Key Terms 19(1) Chapter Review Questions 20(5) Biogeochemical Cycles 25(22) Nutrient Cycles 25(4) Water Cycle 29(2) Carbon Cycle 31(3) Nitrogen Cycle 34(5) Phosphorus Cycle 39(2) Sulfur Cycle 41(2) Summary of Key Terms 43(1) Chapter Review Questions 44(3) Energy Flow in the Ecosystem 47(14) Flow of Energy: The Basics 48(2) Food Chain Efficiency 50(1) Ecological Pyramids 51(2) Important Relationships in Living Communities 53(1) Productivity 54(3) Summary of Key Terms 57(1) Chapter Review Questions 57(4) Population Ecology 61(26) The 411 on Population Ecology 62(2) Laws of Population Ecology 64(2) Applied Population Ecology 66(2) Distribution 68(2) Population Growth 70(4) Population Response to Stress 74(2) Ecological Succession 76(3) Ecosystem Population Response to Stress 79(3) Summary of Key Terms 82(1) Chapter Review Questions 82(5) PART TWO: Biodiversity Biodiversity 87(12) Loss of Biodiversity 90(2) Biodiversity and Stability 92(1) Biodiversity: Estimated Decline 92(1) Summary of Key Terms 93(1) Chapter Review Questions 93(6) PART THREE: Distribution and Abundance Species 99(102) Birds 99(17) Mammals 116(12) Reptiles and Amphibians 128(9) Fishes 137(7) Invertebrates 144(26) Plants and Fungi 170(12) Summary of Key Terms 182(1) Chapter Review Questions 183(18) Terrestrial Ecosystems 201(20) U.S. Forest Resources 203(3) Forested Wetlands 206(1) Fire Regimes within Fire-Adapted Ecosystems 207(3) Vegetation Change in National Parks 210(2) Whitebark Ecosystem 212(2) Wisconsin Oak Savanna 214(1) Summary of Key Terms 215(1) Chapter Review Questions 216(5) Aquatic Ecosystems 221(74) The Balanced Aquarium 222(2) Freshwater Ecology 224(13) Habitat Changes in the Upper Mississippi River Floodplain 237(5) Fish Populations in the Illinois River 242(1) The Great Lakes Ecosystem 242(8) Gastropod Fauna in the Mobile Bay Basin 250(1) Protozoa 251(5) Aquatic Algae 256(5) Diatoms 261(3) Riparian Corridors 264(6) Coastal and Marine Ecosystems 270(11) Summary of Key Terms 281(1) Chapter Review Questions 282(13) Current Issues in Ecology 295(44) Ozone: The Jekyll and Hyde of Chemicals 296(1) Is Pollution a Real Concern or Just Hype? 296(1) Global Climate Change and Pollution 297(2) Global Warming 299(7) Global Warming and Sea-Level Rise 306(2) Human Influences 308(7) Agricultural Ecology 315(1) Non-native Species 316(12) Habitat Assessment 328(1) The Bottom Line on Our Environment and Future 329(1) Summary of Key Terms 330(1) Chapter Review Questions 330(9) Appendix: Answers to Chapter Review Questions 339(6) Index 345(4) About the Author 349