How to Sample in Surveys

How to Sample in Surveys: Learning Objectives vii Target Populations and Samples 1(24) Checklist for Obtaining a Sample That Represents the Target 3(7) Probability Sampling 10(6) Simple Random Sampling 10(1) Stratified Random Sampling 11(2) Systematic Sampling 13(1) Cluster Sampling 14(2) Nonprobability Sampling 16(6) Convenience Sampling 18(1) Snowball Sampling 18(1) Quota Sampling 19(1) Focus Groups 20(2) Commonly Used Probability and Nonprobability Sampling Methods 22(3) Statistics and Samples 25(36) Sampling Error 26(8) Estimating the Standard Error for Simple Random Samples 30(4) Sample Size: How Much Is Enough? 34(2) Checklist of Factors to Consider When Calculating Sample Size 36(7) Calculating Sample Size 43(1) Checklist of Questions to Ask When Determining Sample Size 44(6) Help With Sample Size and Power 49(1) Sampling Units and the Unit of Analysis 50(4) Acceptable Response Rate 54(4) Guidelines for Promoting Responses and Minimizing Response Bias 58(3) Exercises 61(4) Answers 63(2) Suggested Readings 65(4) Glossary 69(6) About the Author 75