Loyalty and Loss : Alabama's Unionists in the Civil War and Reconstruction

Acknowledgments xi Abbreviations xv Introduction 1(17) ``Flag of Our Fathers'': The Political Culture of Loyalism 18(38) Political Ideology 20(17) Social and Cultural Contours of Unionism 37(19) ``To Evade the Conscript'': Resisting the Confederate Draft 56(31) Treason and Sedition 59(7) Conscription: Enforcement and Resistance 66(8) Lie-Outs and Their Collaborators 74(13) ``The Loyal Alabamians Are Invaluable'': Unionists, Slaves, and Federal Occupation 87(46) Boundaries of Union Occupation 90(6) Crossing the Lines 96(15) Escaping Slavery 111(12) Foraging and Destruction 123(10) ``Wild Justice'': Unionists, Slaves, and the Federal Counterinsurgency Effort in North Alabama 133(37) Confederate Guerrillas and Their Aims 136(4) Aid, Comfort, and Intelligence 140(11) Guides and Scouts 151(8) Unionist Partisan Fighters 159(11) ``Stripped Twice By'': The Limits of Presidential Reconstruction 170(26) The 1865 Constitutional Convention 174(4) Return to Rebel Rule 178(9) Search for Justice 187(9) ``The Day of Our Ruin'': Radical Activism and Klan Backlash 196(36) Political Organizing under Congressional Reconstruction 200(5) The 1867 Constitutional Convention 205(10) ``The Day of Our Ruin'' 215(17) Epilogue 232(5) Appendix 1: A Note on the Sources 237(7) New Counties and Their Predecessors, 1865--1874 242(2) Appendix 2: Questions Used in Interrogation by the Southern Claims Commission 244(10) Appendix 3: Demographic Tables 254(9) Bibliography 263(24) Index 287(6) Index of Loyal Alabamians 293