Modern Black Nationalism : From Marcus Garvey to Louis Farrakhan

Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1(18) Suggestions for Further Reading 19(4) One Foundations of Modern Black Nationalism Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association 23(9) Universal Negro Improvement Association, Declaration of Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World, 1920 24(8) Federal Surveillance of ``Negro Agitators'' 32(2) Memorandum to Special Agent Ridgely, 1919 33(1) J. Edgar Hoover Cyril Briggs and the African Blood Brotherhood 34(6) The African Blood Brotherhood, 1920 35(3) Race Catechism, 1918 38(2) W. E. B. Du Bois and Pan-Africanism 40(11) To the World (Manifesto of the Second Pan-African Congress), 1921 41(6) Africa, 1924 47(4) Black Nationalism and the Harlem Renaissance 51(8) The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, 1926 52(5) Langston Hughes I Am a Negro--and Beautiful, 1926 57(2) Amy Jacques Garvey Depression-Era Communists and Self-Determination in the Black Belt 59(5) Speech on Black Self-Determination, 1931 60(4) Clarence A. Hathaway Uncovering a ``National'' Past 64(9) The Suppression of Negro History, 1940 65(8) J. A. Rogers A. Philip Randolph and the March on Washington Movement 73(5) Why Should We March? 1942 74(4) Richard B. Moore and the Pan-Caribbean Movement 78(6) Speech on Caribbean Federation at the Luncheon Meeting for Lord Listowel, 1953 80(4) Carlos Cooks and the African Nationalist Pioneer Movement 84(9) Speech on the ``Buy Black'' Campaign, 1955 85(8) Robert F. Williams and ``Armed Self-Reliance'' 93(4) Speech from Radio Free Dixie, 1963 94(3) Elijah Muhammad and the Nation of Islam 97(9) Know Thyself, 1965 99(2) The Making of Devil, 1965 101(2) A Program for Self-Development, 1965 103(3) Malcolm X and the Organization of Afro-American Unity 106(13) Basic Unity Program, 1965 108(11) Two Black Nationalism in the Black Power Era The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Black Empowerment 119(8) Position Paper on Black Power, 1966 120(7) Frantz Fanon: Raising the Consciousness of the Colonized 127(6) Concerning Violence, 1961 128(5) Cointelpro and ``Black Nationalist Hate Groups'' 133(3) Memorandum to Special Agent in Charge, Albany, New York, 1967 134(2) J. Edgar Hoover Black Power Politics 136(22) National Black Political Convention, The Gary Declaration, 1972 138(6) National Black Political Convention, Model Pledge, 1972 144(1) Speech to the Congress of African Peoples, 1970 145(13) Amiri Baraka Black Power in Education 158(17) Questions and Answers about Black Studies, 1969 160(12) Nathan Hare Third International Conference on Black Power, Report of the Workshop on Education, 1968 172(3) Roy Innis and the Congress of Racial Equality 175(7) Separatist Economics: A New Social Contract, 1969 176(6) James Forman and the ``Black Manifesto'' 182(6) Manifesto to the White Christian Churches and the Jewish Synagogues in the United States of America and All Other Racist Institutions, 1969 183(5) Black Power and Black Labor: The League of Revolutionary Black Workers 188(9) General Program (Here's Where We're Coming From), 1970 189(3) Our Thing Is Drum, 1970 192(1) Fight on to Victory: Interview with Ken Cockrel and Mike Hamlin, 1970 193(4) Liberating the ``Subjugated Territory'' 197(6) The Anti-Depression Program of the Republic of New Africa, 1972 198(5) ``First of all and Finally Africans'' 203(12) Pan-Africanism--Land and Power, 1969 204(11) Stokely Carmichael Black Art and Black Nationalism 215(8) The Role We Want for Black Art, 1969 217(5) Jeff Donaldson Aunt Jemima, 1968 222(1) Murry N. DePillars The Black Church and Black Power 223(17) National Committee of Black Churchmen, The Black Declaration of Independence, 1970 225(4) The Black Messiah and the Black Revolution, 1969 229(11) Albert B. Cleage, Jr. Revolutionary Nationalism: The Black Panther Party and the Revolutionary Action Movement 240(16) Armed Black Brothers in Richmond Community, 1967 242(2) On Meeting the Needs of the People, 1969 244(5) Eldridge Cleaver What We Want, What We Believe: Black Panther Party Platform and Program, 1966 249(3) Revolutionary Action Movement, The African American War of National-Liberation, 1965 252(4) Black Women and Liberation 256(19) Panther Sisters on Women's Liberation, 1969 258(11) To My People, 1973 269(6) Assata Shakur Three Black Nationalism and Contemporary Society Maulana Karenga: ``Keeper of the Tradition'' 275(13) The Nguzo Saba (The Seven Principles): Their Meaning and Message, 1988 276(12) Afrocentricity 288(7) The Afrocentric Idea in Education, 1991 289(6) Molefi Kete Asante Melanin and the Dynamics of Genetic Survival 295(8) The Neurochemical Basis for Evil, 1988 296(7) Frances Cress Welsing Black Theology and ``The Dream of Freedom'' 303(12) Black Theology and the Black Church: Where Do We Go from Here? 1977 304(11) James H. Cone Louis Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam 315(13) P.O.W.E.R. at Last and Forever, 1985 316(12) The Black Belt Question Revisited 328(5) Which Way for the Black Belt Thesis? 1984 329(4) James Forman The ``New Afrikan'' Case for Reparations 333(9) An Act to Stimulate Economic Growth in the United States and Compensate, in Part, for the Grievous Wrongs of Slavery and the Unjust Enrichment Which Accrued to the United States Therefrom, 1987 334(8) Imari Obadele Toward African Liberation 342(4) Pan-African Revolutionary Socialist Party, A Plan of Action, 1984 343(3) ``Political Prisoners and Prisoners-of-War'' 346(21) The Black Panthers: Interviews with Geronimo ji-jaga Pratt and Mumia Abu-Jamal, 1992 347(20) ``Forward Ever, Backward Never'' 367(8) Interview with Charles Lionel James, 1987 368(7) Index 375