Reynders, Deon; Clarke, Gordon R.

Practical Modern SCADA Protocols : Dnp3, 60870.5 and Related Systems

Preface viii Acknowledgements x 1 Introduction 1(11) 1.1 Overview 1(1) 1.2 SCADA systems 1(3) 1.3 Open systems and communications standards 4(2) 1.4 IEC 60870.5 and DNP3.0 6(2) 1.5 Local area networks, Ethernet and TCP/IP 8(2) 1.6 UCA protocol 10(2) 2 Fundamentals of SCADA communications 12(51) 2.1 SCADA systems 12(7) 2.2 Remote terminal units 19(6) 2.3 PLCs used as RTUs 25(1) 2.4 The master station 26(2) 2.5 Communication architectures 28(3) 2.6 Communication philosophies 31(4) 2.7 Basic standards: RS-232 and RS-485 35(7) 2.8 SCADA protocols 42(14) 2.9 The open systems interconnection model 56(7) 3 Open SCADA protocols DNP3 and IEC 60870 63(3) 3.1 Interoperability and open standards 63(1) 3.2 Development of standards 64(2) 4 Preview of DNP3 66(7) 4.1 What is DNP3? 66(1) 4.2 Interoperability and open standard 67(1) 4.3 Benefits of DNP3 68(1) 4.4 Features of DNP3 69(1) 4.5 System topology 70(1) 4.6 Background and development 71(1) 4.7 Why use DNP3? 72(1) 5 Fundamentals of distributed network protocol 73(70) 5.1 Fundamental concepts 73(5) 5.2 Understanding DNP3 message structure 78(2) 5.3 Physical layer 80(3) 5.4 Data link layer 83(15) 5.5 Transport layer (pseudo-transport) 98(2) 5.6 Application layer message handling 100(11) 5.7 Application layer message functions 111(17) 5.8 Data object library 128(15) 6 Advanced considerations of distributed network protocol 143(27) 6.1 DNP3 sub-set definitions 143(10) 6.2 Interoperability between DNP3 devices 153(1) 6.3 Implementation rules and recommendations 154(5) 6.4 Conformance testing 159(3) 6.5 DNP3 polling and communications options 162(1) 6.6 Time synchronization 163(1) 6.7 DNP3 over TCP/IP and UDP/IP 164(6) 7 Preview of IEC 60870-5 170(7) 7.1 What is IEC 60870-5? 170(1) 7.2 Standards 171(1) 7.3 System topology 172(1) 7.4 Message structure 173(1) 7.5 Addressing 174(1) 7.6 Networked version 174(1) 7.7 Application data objects 175(1) 7.8 Interoperability 176(1) 8 Fundamentals of IEC 60870-5 177(109) 8.1 The IEC 60870-5 standard 177(5) 8.2 Protocol architecture 182(2) 8.3 Physical layer 184(3) 8.4 Data link layer 187(16) 8.5 Application layer 203(14) 8.6 Information elements 217(20) 8.7 Set of ASDUs 237(49) 9 Advanced considerations of IEC 60870-5 286(21) 9.1 Application functions 286(11) 9.2 Interoperability 297(2) 9.3 Other information sources 299(1) 9.4 Network operation 300(7) 10 Differences between DNP3 and IEC 60870 307(5) 10.1 Comparing DNP3 and IEC 60870 307(4) 10.2 Which one will win? 311(1) 11 Intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) 312(4) 11.1 Definition 312(1) 11.2 Functions 313(3) 12 Ethernet and TCP/IP networks 316(33) 12.1 IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD ('Ethernet') 316(1) 12.2 Physical layer 317(6) 12.3 Signaling methods 323(1) 12.4 Medium access control 324(1) 12.5 Frame transmission 325(1) 12.6 Frame reception 325(1) 12.7 Collisions 326(2) 12.8 MAC frame format 328(1) 12.9 Difference between 802.3 and Ethernet 329(1) 12.10 Reducing collisions 330(1) 12.11 Ethernet design rules 330(5) 12.12 TCP/IP 335(14) 13 Fieldbus and SCADA communications systems 349(13) 13.1 Introduction 349(1) 13.2 Profibus 349(6) 13.3 Foundation fieldbus 355(7) 14 UCA protocol 362(12) 14.1 Introduction 362(1) 14.2 UCA development 363(1) 14.3 UCA technology 364(9) 14.4 Summary 373(1) 15 Applications of DNP3 and SCADA protocols 374(17) 15.1 Water industry application 374(17) 16 Future developments 391(2) Appendix A: Glossary 393(21) Appendix B: Implementers of DNP3 414(4) Appendix C: Sample device profile document 418(10) Appendix D: Practicals 428(102) Index 530