Regional Geography of the United States and Canada

List of Vignettes ix Preface xi About the Author xiii The North American Continent 1(7) Continent, Subcontinent, or Culture Realm? 1(1) Continental Parameters 1(1) A View from Space 1(2) The Countries 3(1) Amicable Neighbors 4(2) Selected General Bibliography on Canada and the United States 6(2) The Physical Environment 8(22) The Pattern of Landforms 8(9) The Pattern of Climate 17(3) The Pattern of Natural Vegetation 20(3) The Pattern of Soil 23(2) The Pattern of Wildlife 25(1) Ecosystems 25(1) Selected Bibliography 26(4) Population 30(30) Melting Pot or Potpourri? 30(2) The Peopling of the North American Subcontinent 32(8) The Contemporary Population 40(16) Trends and Questions 56(2) Selected Bibliography 58(2) The North American City 60(32) Historical Development of North American Cities 62(4) Metropolitan Areas 66(1) Urban Morphology: Changing Patterns 67(13) Urban Functions: Growing Diversity 80(2) Urban Population: Variety in Abundance 82(2) Urban Ills: Massive Maladjustments 84(2) Urban Delights: The Proof of the Pudding 86(1) Urban Dichotomy: Central Cities Versus Suburbs 87(1) Urban Tomorrow: The Outreach of City Life 87(3) Selected Bibliography 90(2) Regions of the United States and Canada 92(12) The Geographical Region 94(1) The Problem of Regional Boundaries 94(1) The Problem of Regional Statistics 95(1) Determination of Regions 95(6) Changing Regions 101(1) Regions of the United States and Canada 102(1) Selected Bibliography 103(1) The Atlantic Northeast 104(28) A Region of Scenic Charm and Economic Disadvantage 104(2) The Physical Setting 106(7) Settlement and Early Development 113(6) The Present Inhabitants 119(1) Agriculture 120(2) Forest Industries 122(1) Fishing 123(3) Mining 126(1) Recreation 126(1) Urbanism and Urban Activities 127(2) The Outlook 129(1) Selected Bibliography 130(2) French Canada 132(18) A Culturally Oriented Region 133(1) French Canada as a Region and a Concept 134(1) The Region and Its Parts 135(1) The Environment 135(2) Settling the Region 137(1) The Bilingual Road to Separatism 138(4) The Primary Economy 142(2) Urban-Industrial French Canada 144(3) Tourism 147(1) The Outlook 148(1) Selected Bibliography 149(1) Megalopolis 150(28) Extent of the Region 150(2) Character of the Region 152(1) The Urban Scene 153(16) The Rural Scene 169(3) Recreation and Tourism 172(3) The Role of the Region 175(1) Selected Bibliography 176(2) The Appalachians and the Ozarks 178(20) The Regional Character 178(2) The Environment 180(3) Settlement of the Appalachian Highlands 183(1) Settlement of the Ozark-Ouachita Uplands 184(1) Agriculture 184(2) Forest Industries 186(1) Mineral Industries of the Appalachians 187(2) Mineral Industries of the Ozark-Ouachita Uplands 189(1) Cities and Industries 189(3) Resorts and Recreation 192(1) The Outlook 192(5) Selected Bibliography 197(1) The Inland South 198(24) The Physical Environment 199(2) Peopling and People of the Inland South 201(3) The Changing Image of the Inland South 204(1) The Fluctuating Fortunes of Cotton 205(1) Agriculture in the Inland South: Productive Diversity 206(6) Forest Products 212(3) Minerals and Mining 215(1) Urban-Industrial Dynamism 216(3) The Outlook 219(2) Selected Bibliography 221(1) The Southeastern Coast 222(28) The Physical Setting 222(6) Primary Industries 228(9) Manufacturing 237(1) Urban Boom in the Space Age 238(6) Inland Waterways 244(2) Recreation 246(1) The Outlook 247(1) Selected Bibliography 248(2) The Heartland 250(30) Extent of the Region 251(1) The Look of the Landscape 251(2) The Physical Setting 253(5) Human Occupance of the Heartland 258(3) The Incredible Opulence of Heartland Agriculture 261(1) Farm Operations 261(6) Minerals 267(1) Heartland Manufacturing 267(2) Transportation 269(3) The Urban System of the Heartland 272(2) The Outlook 274(4) Selected Bibliography 278(2) The Great Plains and Prairies 280(34) The Changing Regional Image 280(3) The Physical Setting 283(5) Sequent Occupance of the Great Plains and Prairies 288(3) Contemporary Population of the Great Plains and Prairies 291(1) Crop Farming 292(10) Livestock Raising 302(2) Mineral Industries 304(2) The Ebb and Flow of Urbanization in the Great Plains and Prairies 306(5) A Transit Land 311(1) Limited Tourism 311(1) The Outlook 312(1) Selected Bibliography 313(1) The Rocky Mountains 314(28) Extent of the Region 314(2) Origin of the Rocky Mountains 316(1) Major Geomorphic Subdivisions 316(4) Vertical Zonation: The Topographic Imperative 320(2) The Opening of the Region to Settlement 322(4) The Mining Industry 326(2) Forestry 328(1) Agriculture and Stock Raising 329(2) Water ``Development'' 331(1) The Tourist Industry 331(6) Transportation 337(2) Settlement Nodes 339(1) The Outlook 340(1) Selected Bibliography 340(2) The Intermontane West 342(32) Assessment of the Region 342(2) Topographic Variety 344(4) An Arid, Xerophytic Environment 348(3) Settlement of the Region 351(1) Land Ownership in the Intermontane Region 352(1) The Contemporary Population: Varied and Rapidly Increasing 353(5) The Water Problem 358(2) Agriculture 360(3) Pastoralism 363(1) Mining 364(2) Forestry 366(1) Tourism 367(2) Specialized Southwestern Living 369(1) Suburbia in the Sun: The Southwest's Rush to Urbanism 370(2) The Outlook 372(1) Selected Bibliography 373(1) The California Region 374(26) The California Image: Benign Climate and Landscape Diversity 374(2) The Environmental Setting 376(3) Settlement of the Region 379(2) Population: Sensational Growth Slowing Down 381(1) The Rural Scene 381(7) Urbanism 388(7) California and the Pacific Rim 395(1) Tourism 396(1) The Outlook 397(1) Selected Bibliography 398(2) The Hawaiian Islands 400(18) The Physical Setting 400(6) Population 406(1) Centuries of Political Change 406(1) The Hawaiian Economy: Specialized, Lively, Erratic 407(6) Urban Primacy: A One-City Region 413(1) Problems and Prospects 413(3) The Outlook 416(1) Selected Bibliography 417(1) The North Pacific Coast 418(34) The Terrain: Steep and Spectacular 420(3) Climate: Moist and Monotonous 423(3) The World's Most Magnificent Forests 426(1) Occupance of the Region 426(2) Wood Products Industries: Big Trees, Big Cut, Big Problems 428(4) Agriculture: Sparse and Specialized 432(2) The Ups and Downs of Commercial Fishing 434(1) Power Generation 435(1) Mineral Industries 435(1) Urbanism: Major Nodes and Scattered Pockets 436(5) Spectacular Scenery 441(1) The Vital Role of Ferries in the Region 441(3) The Outlook 444(6) Selected Bibliography 450(2) The Boreal Forest 452(26) A Harsh Subarctic Environment 454(5) The Occupance 459(1) The Economy 460(10) Subarctic Urbanism: Administrative Centers and Unifunctional Towns 470(1) Transportation: Decreasing Remoteness and Increasing Accessibility 471(2) Tourism 473(1) Native Land Claims in the North 473(2) The Outlook 475(1) Selected Bibliography 476(2) The Arctic 478(23) The Physical Setting 479(7) The People 486(1) The Subsistence Economy 487(1) The Rise of a Money Economy and Agglomerated Settlements 488(2) Nunavut 490(1) Nodes of Settlement 490(2) Economic Specialization 492(2) Transportation 494(1) The Outlook 494(4) Selected Bibliography 498(3) Index 501