Safe And Healthy Schools : Practical Prevention Strategies

List of Tables, Figures, Boxes, and Forms xv At-Risk Youth and School Safety: Critical Issues, Current Challenges, and Promising Approaches 1(35) School Safety and Security 4(2) Antisocial Behavior, Delinquency, and Youth Violence 6(3) Current Status and Trends in Youth Violence and School Safety 9(3) Conceptualizing School Safety 12(1) Sources of Vulnerability to School Safety 12(3) Assessing School Safety 15(2) What the Science Says about What Does and Does Not Work in School Crime Prevention 17(3) School Safety Intervention Strategies 20(6) Secure the School 20(1) Develop a Comprehensive School Safety and Crisis-Response Plan 21(2) Create a Positive, Inclusive School Climate and Culture 23(1) Address the Peer Culture and Its Problems 24(1) Involve Parents in Making the School Safer 25(1) Support At-Risk Youth and Antisocial Youth 26(1) Conclusion 26(2) How This Book Addresses the Recommended Strategies 28(8) Developing a Comprehensive School Safety and Prevention Plan 36(22) Stephen G. Smith Background and Rationale 36(2) Four Sources of Vulnerability to School Violence 38(5) The Physical Layout of the School Building and Grounds 39(2) The Administrative, Teaching, and Management Practices of the School 41(1) Characteristics of Surrounding Neighborhoods 42(1) Characteristics of the Students Enrolled in the School 42(1) The ``How to'' of School Safety Planning and Intervention 43(7) Conducting a Local Needs Assessment 43(5) Setting Measurable Goals and Objectives and Selecting Evidence-Based Strategies 48(2) Developing a Written Crisis-Response Plan 50(2) Conclusion 52(6) Improving School Climate, Safety, and Student Health with Schoolwide Positive Behavior Supports 58(18) The Challenge of School Discipline 59(1) School Practices Contributing to the Problem 60(3) Common Response to Behavioral Problems: Turn to Office Referrals, Suspensions, and Expulsions 60(1) If Not Punishment, Then What Is the Solution? 61(1) Changing School Climate Is an Essential Element 62(1) Schoolwide, Positive Discipline: How to Get There 63(6) Improvement of Discipline 63(1) Commitment of Administrator 63(1) Commitment of Staff 64(1) Selection of Evidence-Based Practices 65(4) Conclusion 69(7) Bullying and Peer-Based Harassment in Schools: Current Status, Influencing Factors, and Identification Methods 76(22) Stephen G. Smith The Current Landscape of School-Based Bullying and Peer Harassment 77(1) The Characteristics and Critical Features of Bullying and Harassment in Today's Schools 78(6) The Relationship of Bullying and Harassment to Antisocial Behavior 78(1) Interpersonal Violence as a Correlate of Severe Bullying 79(1) State Legislation and Definitions of Bullying 80(2) Types of Bullying 82(1) Prevalence of Bullying in Schools 82(2) The Social Dynamics of Bullying and Peer Harassment 84(1) Common Attributes and Behavioral Characteristics of Bullies and Their Victims: What Do They Look Like? 85(2) Views of Bullying and Harassment by Victims and Their Peers 87(1) Personal Qualities as Determinants of Victimization by Peers 88(2) The Influence of Social Context on Bullying Dynamics 90(3) The Family Situation and Associated Parenting Practices 90(1) Free Play Settings and Peer Relations 91(1) Classroom Settings and the Teacher 92(1) Identifying Bullies and Their Victims within the Context of Schooling 93(4) Conclusion 97(1) Solutions for Bullying and Peer Harassment in the School Setting 98(26) Stephen G. Smith Key Considerations Regarding Effective School-Based Efforts to Intervene with Bullying and Harassment 98(2) Recommended Steps and Model Programs for Use by Schools in Addressing Bullying and Peer Harassment 100(11) Recommended Steps 100(2) Model Programs That Address Peer Bullying and Harassment 102(8) Bully-Proofing Your School 110(1) Legal Issues Concerning Bullying and Harassment in Schools 111(5) Conclusion 116(8) Screening and Identifying Behaviorally At-Risk Students: Purposes, Approaches, Outcomes, and Cautions 124(28) Risk Factors and the Warning Signs of Potential Violence 127(4) Risk Factors 127(1) Warning Signs 128(3) Approaches to the Screening and Identification of At-Risk Students 131(1) Using Prevention-Based Interventions as a Means of Identifying Behaviorally At-Risk Students 132(3) Universal Screening to Proactively Identify Students with Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems 135(8) Teacher Nominations 136(1) Teacher Ratings 136(4) Behavioral Observations 140(3) Analyzing Archival School Records 143(2) Applying Threat Assessment Procedures within School Settings 145(1) Conclusion 146(6) Supporting Antisocial and Potentially Violent Youth 152(25) Vicki Nishioka Risk and Protective Factors 152(2) Gender Differences 154(1) Features of Successful Programs and Services 155(21) Program Structure and Behavioral Interventions 156(5) Mentoring and Individualized Case Management 161(2) Social Skills Training and Academic Instruction 163(3) Service Learning 166(1) Multicomponent School Programs 166(1) Problems with Grouping Antisocial Students 166(2) Family and Community Collaboration 168(8) Conclusion 176(1) References 177(20) Index 197