Science at the Borders

Acknowledgments ix List of Abbreviations xiii Introduction. Immigration by the Numbers: Rethinking the Immigrant Medical Experience 1(22) Part I. Numbers Large: Immigrant Medical Inspection as an Inclusionary Tool Immigrants and the New Industrial Economy 23(30) The Function of Medical Inspection: Restriction, Instruction, and Discipline of the Laboring Body 53(30) The Medical Gaze: Science in Industrial-Era America 83(36) Part II. Numbers Small: Immigrant Medical Inspection as an Exclusionary Tool The Shape of the Line: Immigrant Medical Inspection from Coast to Coast 119(41) At the Borders of Science: Diagnostic Technology at the Intersection of Race, Class, Disease, and Industrial Citizenship 160(30) Drawing the Color Line: Racial Patterns of Medical Certification and Exclusion 190(63) Epilogue. The End of the Line: Immigrant Medical Inspection after 1924 253(24) Appendix. Note on Data Collection, Cleaning, Coding, and Analysis 277(8) Notes 285(92) Index 377