Speaking Truth to Power : The Art and Craft of Policy Analysis

Preface To The Transaction Edition xv Introduction To The Transaction Edition: The Once and Future School of Public Policy xxiii Introduction Analysis as Art 1(2) Problems of Implementation 3(9) Morality in Policy Analysis 12(3) The Art of Policy Analysis 15(4) Notes 19(2) PART 1 Resources versus Objectives 21(88) Policy Analysis Is What Information Systems Are Not 26(15) Modern Management Information Systems 27(8) Theory 35(1) Organization 36(2) History 38(1) Notes 39(2) Strategic Retreat on Objectives: Learning from Failure in American Public Policy 41(21) Retreat on Objectives 43(5) The Search for Attainable Objectives 48(5) Retreat or Rout? 53(3) Redefining the Problem 56(4) Notes 60(2) Policy as Its Own Cause 62(24) The Law of Large Solutions in Public Policy 63(4) Internalizing External Effects 67(4) The Corporate State? 71(2) Government as a Federation of Sectors 73(4) The World Outside 77(2) Change for Its Own Sake 79(1) Sectors of Policy as Prohibiters and Proponents of Change 80(2) Problems and Solutions 82(2) Notes 84(2) Coordination without a Coordinator 86(23) The Revolution We Are Waiting for Is Already Here 87(3) Rules Containing the Consensus 90(1) Rules for Resolving Uncertainty about Values 91(4) Program Characteristics as Determinants of Cost 95(6) Misunderstandings that Always Cost More 101(2) Alternative Hypotheses 103(4) Notes 107(2) PART 2 Social Interaction versus Intellectual Cogitation 109(96) Between Planning and Politics: Intellect vs. Interaction as Analysis 114(28) Exchange 117(1) Motivation 118(2) Planning and Politics 120(4) Analysis 124(3) Rationality 127(1) Politics and Planning Are Equally (Ir)rational 128(1) The Imperatives 129(6) ``Retrospection'' 135(4) Reprise 139(1) Notes 140(2) A Bias Toward Federalism 142(13) The Cooperative-Coercive Model 143(4) The Conflict-Consent Model 147(3) Size vs. Number or Interaction vs. Cogitation Revisited 150(3) Notes 153(2) Opportunity Costs and Merit Wants 155(29) Two Doctrines 156(1) Cost Versus Merit, or Interaction and Cogitation in a New Guise 156(3) Cost in Economics 159(2) History 161(2) Texts in the Private Sector 163(1) Four Concepts of Worth 164(3) Opportunity Cost and Markets 167(5) Cost in the Public Sector 172(2) Economics in the Public Sector: Public Goods and Merit Wants 174(7) Notes 181(3) Economy and Environment/Rationality and Ritual 184(21) The Delaware River Basin Project's Failure 184(7) Alternatives for Controlling Water Pollution 191(2) The Risky Environment 193(6) Economics for Environmentalists 199(3) Notes 202(3) PART 3 Dogma versus Skepticism 205(76) Notes 211(1) The Self-Evaluating Organization 212(26) Evaluation 213(1) Obstacles to Evaluation 214(6) The Policy-Administration Dichotomy Revisited 220(4) Who Will Pay the Costs of Change? 224(2) Evaluation, Incorporated 226(3) Adjusting to the Environment 229(2) Joining Knowledge with Power 231(3) Evaluation as Trust 234(3) Notes 237(1) Skepticism and Dogma in the White House: Jimmy Carter's Theory of Governing 238(14) Uniformity 240(1) Predictability 240(1) Cogitation 241(1) Comprehensiveness 242(1) Incompatibility 243(2) Top-Light and Bottom-Heavy 245(1) Belief 246(1) ``He-the-People'' 247(2) Notes 249(3) Citizens as Analysts 252(29) Citizenship as Moral Development 253(3) Mr. and Mrs. Model Citizen 256(1) A Strategy of Specialization 257(2) Citizenship in Daily Life 259(4) Distinguishing Big from Little Change 263(3) Prod Change 266(4) Fact and Value: Convention or Constraint? 270(4) Why Analysis Is Conservative 274(3) Morality and Policy Analysis 277(1) Notes 278(3) PART 4 Policy Analysis 281(126) Doing Better and Feeling Worse: The Political Pathology of Health Policy 284(25) Paradoxes, Principles, Axioms, Identities, and Laws 285(5) Why There Is a Crisis 290(1) Does Anyone Win? 291(1) Curing the Sickness of Health 292(3) Alternative Health Policies 295(1) Market versus Administrative Mechanisms 296(5) Thought and Action 301(1) Planning Health-System Agencies 302(4) The Future 306(2) Notes 308(1) Learning from Education: If We're Still Stuck on the Problems, Maybe We're Taking the Wrong Exam 309(17) Compensation without Education 309(5) Educational Opportunity without Social Equality 314(2) The Objective of Having Objectives 316(4) Politicization without Politics 320(3) Clarification of Objectives as a Social Process 323(2) Notes 325(1) A Tax by Any Other Name: The Donor-Directed Automatic Percentage-Contribution Bonus, A Budget Alternative for Financing Governmental Support of Charity 326(26) Budget Alternatives 327(2) Proposals, Criteria, and Consequences 329(12) What Difference Does a Government Subsidy Make? A Sensitivity Analysis 341(2) How Much of Which Problems Are We Prepared to Live with? An Analysis of Criteria 343(2) Political Feasibility 345(3) Testing the Percentage-Contribution Bonus 348(1) Notes 349(3) Distribution of Urban Services 352(33) Patterns of Resource Distribution 355(2) Three Patterns: The More, The More; Compensation; and Resultants 357(2) An Explanation 359(2) Adam Smith in Action 361(4) Judging Outcomes 365(5) Altering Outcomes 370(13) Notes 383(2) Analysis as Craft 385(22) Solutions as Programs 391(2) Solutions as Hypotheses 393(2) Solutions as Social Artifacts 395(2) The Craft of Problem Solving 397(4) Speaking Truth to Power 401(5) Notes 406(1) Appendix 407(16) Structure of the School 409(2) Faculty 411(1) Curriculum 412(4) Administration 416(2) Afterword 418(1) Notes 419(4) Index 423