The Arabic Linguistic Tradition

Foreword vii Preface ix Transcription system xii 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1(30) The Growth of the Arabic Linguistic Tradition: a Historical Survey 1(16) Early grammatical thinking to the end of the second/eighth century From Sibawayhi to al-Mubarrad The codification of grammar in the fourth/tenth century Maturity and decline (fifth/eleventh-tenth/fifteenth centuries) Facts, Rules, and Arguments 17(14) Data The integrative logic of qiyas Grammar and reality 2 SIBAWAYHI'S KITAB: AN ENUNCIATIVE APPROACH TO SYNTAX 31(18) Problems and Hypotheses 33(9) Interpreting the Kitab The enunciative hypothesis Prediction and Enunciation: Sibawayhi's Theory of the Utterance 42(7) 3 THE CANONICAL THEORY OF GRAMMAR: SYNTAX (NAHW) 49(24) Basic Concepts 50(7) Parts of speech I'rab and bina' Sentence and utterance The Theory of Government 57(7) General principles The governing operators Abstractness in the theory of government Government and Predication 64(9) The two models Two models or just one? 4 THE CANONICAL THEORY OF GRAMMAR: MORPHOLOGY, PHONOLOGY, AND PHONETICS (TASRIF) 73(27) Morphology 74(2) Verbal morphology Derived nominal morphology Phonology 76(17) Substitution (badal) Erasure (hadf) Mutation (qalb) Transfer (naql) Gemination (idgam) The late phonological processes Phonetics 93(5) The phonetics of the grammarians The phonetics of the reciters The phonetics of the physiologists Notes 98(2) 5 MAJOR TRENDS IN THE STUDY OF TEXTS 100(18) Literary Criticism 100(4) 'Greek' Rhetoric (Xataba) 104(5) The Foundations of Jurisprudence 109(4) Arabo-Islamic Rhetoric (Balaga) 113(5) 6 RHETORIC AND GRAMMATICAL SEMANTICS 118(19) The General Organization of Grammatical Semantics 119(2) Some Basic Tenets 121(1) Utterance Analysis 122(3) Types of Predications 125(2) General Operations on Nominals 127(1) Informative Predication 128(2) Performative Predication 130(1) The Scope of Predications 131(2) Inter-utterance Relationships 133(2) Proper and Figurative Meaning 135(2) 7 METRICS 137(15) Preliminaries 137(3) Observations 140(1) The Xalilian Circles 141(4) The Zihafat 145(4) Overgeneration in the Xalilian System 149(1) The Orientalists and the Xalilian System 150(2) Bibliography 152(2) A Selection References 154(5) Primary Sources Secondary Sources Indexes 159