Martill, David M.; Loveridge, Robert F.; Bechly, Günter

The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil : Window Into an Ancient World

Contributors viii Preface xi Acknowledgements xiv Part I The Crato Formation Konservat Lagerstatte Introduction to the Crato Formation 3(5) David M. Martill Gunter Bechly The geology of the Crato Formation 8(17) David M. Martill Stratigraphy of the Crato Formation 25(19) David M. Martill Ulrich Heimhofer The sedimentology and depositional environment of the Crato Formation 44(19) Ulrich Heimhofer David M. Martill Commercial exploitation of the Crato Formation 63(7) Jose Artur Ferreira Gomes de Andrade Preparation techniques for Crato Formation fossils 70(9) Michael Schwickert Part II The invertebrate fauna Taphonomy and preservation of Crato Formation arthropods 79(18) Federica Menon David M. Martill Chilopoda: centipedes 97(6) David M. Martill Arachnida: spiders, scorpions and allies 103(30) Jason A. Dunlop Federica Menon Paul A. Selden Crustacea of the Crato Formation 133(9) Gunter Schweigert David M. Martill Mark Williams Insects of the Crato Formation 142(287) Introduction 142(7) Gunter Bechly Apterygota: primarily wingless insects 149(5) Arnold H. Staniczek Gunter Bechly Persisting-type stem-group Ephemeroptera 154(9) Rainer Willmann Ephemeroptera: mayflies 163(21) Arnold H. Staniczek Odonata: damselflies and dragonflies 184(38) Gunter Bechly Dermaptera: earwigs 222(12) Fabian Haas Mantodea: praying mantises 234(5) David A. Grimaldi `Blattaria': cockroaches and roachoids 239(10) Gunter Bechly Isoptera: termites 249(13) Gunter Bechly Chresmododea: fossil `water striders' 262(3) Gunter Bechly Orthopterida: grasshoppers, crickets, locusts and stick insects 265(18) Sam W. Heads Rafael G. Martins-Neto Cicadomorpha: cicadas and relatives 283(14) Federica Menon Sam W. Heads Jacek Szwedo Fulgoromorpha: planthoppers 297(16) Jacek Szwedo Coleorrhyncha: moss bugs 313(4) Gunter Bechly Jacek Szwedo Heteroptera: bugs 317(11) Yuri A. Popov Gunter Bechly Neuropterida: snakeflies, dobsonflies and lacewings 328(10) Rafael G. Martins-Neto Sam W. Heads Gunter Bechly Coleoptera: beetles 338(12) Karin Wolf-Schwenninger Wolfgang Schawaller Hymenoptera: bees, wasps and ants 350(15) Till Osten Mecoptera: scorpionflies 365(4) Gunter Bechly Diptera: true flies, gnats and crane flies 369(18) Jana Willkommen David A. Grimaldi Trichoptera and Lepidoptera: caddisflies and butterflies 387(42) Gunter Bechly Part III The vertebrate fauna The Crato Formation fish fauna 429(15) Paulo M. Brito Anurans of the Crato Formation 444(8) Maria Eduarda C. Leal David M. Martill Paulo M. Brito Turtles of the Crato Formation 452(6) Darren Naish Lizards of the Crato Formation 458(5) David M. Martill Crocodilians of the Crato Formation: evidence for enigmatic species 463(12) Eberhard `Dino' Frey Steven W. Salisbury Pterosaurs of the Crato Formation 475(50) David M. Unwin David M. Martill Birds of the Crato Formation 525(12) Darren Naish David M. Martill Ian Merrick Part IV The flora The macrophyte flora of the Crato Formation 537(29) Barbara A. R. Mohr Mary E. C. Bernardes-de-Oliveira Robert F. Loveridge Spores and pollen from the Crato Formation: biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications 566(11) David J. Batten Part V Miscellanea Miscellaneous biota 577(5) David M. Martill Appendix: species list for the Crato Formation 582(26) David M. Martill Gunter Bechly Sam W. Heads Systematic index 608