The First Amendment : The Free Exercise of Religion Clause

Series Editor's Preface 11(6) David B. Oppenheimer PART I: INTRODUCTION Introductory Essay 17(16) Thomas C. Berg Introductory Themes: Religious Freedom at the Founding and Today 33(24) The Essential Rights and Liberties of Religion in the American Constitutional Experiment 33(16) John Wine Jr. Taking the Free Exercise Clause Seriously: [Can It Mean So Much? Can It Mean So Little?] 49(8) Stephen Pepper PART II: ARE RELIGIOUS EXEMPTIONS FROM GENERAL LAWS CONSTITUTIONALLY REQUIRED? The Basic Question of Exemptions 57(27) Editor's Introduction: The US Supreme Court's Positions 57(9) Free Exercise Revisionism and the Smith Decision 66(11) Michael W. McConnell In Defense of Smith and Free Exercise Revisionism 77(7) William P. Marshall The Debate Over Exemptions and Constitutional History 84(37) The Origins and Historical Understanding of Free Exercise of Religion 84(15) Michael W. McConnell A Constitutional Right of Religious Exemption: An Historical Perspective 99(8) Philip A. Hamburger The Second Adoption of the Free Exercise Clause: Religious Exemptions and the Fourteenth Amendment 107(14) Kurt T. Lash Why Should Religious Freedom Have Distinctive Constitutional Protection? 121(48) An Anti-Liberal Argument for Religious Freedom 121(14) John H. Garvey The Right Not to Be John Garvey 135(9) Alan Brownstein Religious Liberty as Liberty: [Why Religious Liberty?] 144(7) Douglas haycock The Vulnerability of Conscience: The Constitutional Basis for Protecting Religious Conduct 151(18) Christopher L. Eisgruber Lawrence G. Sager Defining ``Religion'' 169(14) Editor's Introduction: Definitions in the Case Law 169(3) Religious Liberty as Liberty: [Defining Religion] 172(7) Douglas Laycock God is Great, Garvey is Good: Making Sense of Religious Freedom 179(4) Michael S. Paulsen Free Exercise Under Current Doctrine 183(24) Free Exercise is Dead, Long Live Free Exercise! Smith, Lukumi, and the General Applicability Requirement 183(14) Richard F Duncan Toward a Defensible Free Exercise Doctrine 197(10) Frederick M. Gedicks Judicial Exemptions: Balancing Harms to Religion Against Harms to Society 207(38) Where Rights Begin: The Problem of Burdens on the Free Exercise of Religion 207(14) Ira C. Lupu Taking the Free Exercise Clause Seriously: [Some Problems with Taking Freedom of Religion Seriously] 221(5) Stephen Pepper The New Attacks on Religious Freedom Legislation, and Why They Are Wrong 226(6) Thomas C. Berg A Common-Law Model for Religious Exemptions 232(13) Eugene Volokh PART III: LEGISLATIVE PROTECTION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM The Debate over the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) 245(22) What Hath Congress Wrought? An Interpretive Guide to the Religious Freedom Restoration Act 245(4) Thomas C. Berg RFRA, Congress, and the Ratchet 249(9) Douglas Laycock City of Boerne v. Florer: A Landmark for Structural Analysis 258(9) Marci A. Hamilton Legislative Accommodations, the Institutional Roles of Courts and Legislatures, and the Establishment Clause 267(26) Editor's Introduction: Supreme Court Rulings on Legislative Accommodations and the Establishment Clause 267(4) Religious Institutions, The No-Harm Doctrine, and the Public Good 271(5) Marci A. Hamilton The Trouble with Accommodation 276(4) Ira C. Lupu Why Is Religion Special? Reconsidering the Accommodation of Religion Under the Religion Clauses 280(6) Steven G. Gey Accommodation of Religion: An Update and a Response to the Critics 286(7) Michael W. McConnell PART IV: OTHER FREE EXERCISE ISSUES Religious Institutions' Free Exercise 293(32) Towards a General Theory of the Religion Clauses: The Case of Church Labor Relations and the Right to Church Autonomy 293(6) Douglas Laycock Free Exercise Exemptions and Religious Institutions: The Case of Employment Discrimination 299(8) Ira C. Lupu Religious Organizations and Free Exercise: The Surprising Lessons of Smith 307(11) Kathleen A. Brady Thoughts on Smith and Religious-Group Autonomy 318(7) Laura S. Underkuffler Free Exercise and Government Funding 325(46) The Mistakes in Locke v. Davey and the Future of State Payments for Services by Religious Institutions 325(14) Thomas C. Berg Douglas Laycock Locke v. Davey and the Limits to Neutrality Theory 339(16) Steven K. Green APPENDICES Constitution of the United States of America 355(16) Amendments to the Constitution 371