The Turks Today

Map x Note on Spelling and Pronunciation xii Prologue 1(14) Part I Turkey since the Death of Atatürk Introduction: Origins 15(92) 1 State Before Nation 1938-1945 25(14) 2 The High Cost of Free Elections 1945-1960 39(18) 3 Years of Strife 1960-1980 57(24) 4 Conflict Contained 1980-2003 81 Part II Turkey and the Turks Today 5 Catching Up 107(34) 6 Economic Surprises 141(16) 7 Education and Culture 157(20) 8 Ankara Governs 177(12) 9 Istanbul Lives 189(18) 10 Eastern Approaches 207(26) 11 Red Apple or Sour Grapes 233(10) 12 Progress and Pitfalls 243(12) Chronology 255(8) Abbreviations 263(2) Notes 265(10) Further Reading 275(6) Index 281