Without Justification

Preface vii Introduction 1 1 The View 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 Two Kinds of (Allegedly) Justified but Unknown Belief 7 1.3 Five Concepts of Justification 14 2 The Arguments 43 2.1 Four Arguments 43 2.2 The Main Objection 59 2.3 The Bit Where You Take It Back, Part II 63 2.4 The "Paradox" of the Preface 67 2.5 More on Defining Knowledge 70 3 Testimony 85 3.1 Introduction 85 3.2 The BK View 86 3.3 Against the JBK View 101 3.4 The KK View 103 3.5 Conclusion 113 4 Inference 115 4.1 Introduction 115 4.2 Good Inference 115 4.3 Closure 122 4.4 Probabilistic Inferences 125 4.5 Evidence 128 4.6 A Propositional Knowledge based Conception of Evidence? 143 Notes 149 References 173 Index 179