Meer over Matthew Helmke

Matthew Helmke

Ubuntu Linux Unleashed 2021 Edition

Name: Ubuntu Linux Unleashed 2021 Edition
Author: Matthew Helmke

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E-book, blz. | Engels

Pearson Education | e druk, 2021

ISBN13: 9780136685272

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Pearson Education e druk, 2021 9780136685272

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59,79

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Covers 20.04, 20.10, and 21.04
Ubuntu Linux Unleashed 2021 Edition is filled with unique and advanced information for everyone who wants to make the most of the Ubuntu Linux operating system. This new edition has been thoroughly updated by a long-time Ubuntu user and early community leader to reflect the exciting new Ubuntu 20.04 LTS release, with a forthcoming online update mid-2021, at the halfway mark before the next LTS release comes out.

Linux writer Matthew Helmke covers all you need to know about Ubuntu 20.04 LTS installation, configuration, productivity, command-line usage, development, systems administration, server operations, networking, virtualisation, cloud computing, DevOps, and moreincluding intermediate-to-advanced techniques you wont find in any other book.

Helmke presents up-to-the-minute introductions to Ubuntus key productivity and web development tools, programming languages, hardware support, and more. Youll find new or improved coverage of the Ubuntu desktop experience, common web servers and software stacks, an introduction to containers like Docker and Kubernetes, as well as a wealth of systems administration information that is stable and valuable over many years. Configure and use the Ubuntu desktop Get started with multimedia and productivity applications Manage Linux services, users, and software packages Administer and run Ubuntu from the command line Automate tasks and use shell scripting Provide secure remote access and configure a secure VPN Manage kernels and modules Administer file, print, email, proxy, LDAP, DNS, and HTTP servers (Apache, Nginx, or alternatives) Work with databases (SQL) and learn about NoSQL alternatives Get started with virtualization and cloud deployment, including information about containers Learn about options for managing large numbers of servers, including in the cloud Learn the basics about popular programming languages including Python, PHP, Perl, and gain an introduction to new alternatives such as Go and Rust

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Specificaties

ISBN13:9780136685272

Taal:Engels

Bindwijze:e-book

Uitgever:Pearson Education

Inhoudsopgave

<div> Introduction     xxxi </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PART I: GETTING STARTED </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 1  Installing Ubuntu and Post-Installation Configuration     1 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Before You Begin the Installation     1 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Researching Your Hardware Specifications     2 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installation Options     2 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     32-Bit Versus 64-Bit Ubuntu     4 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Planning Partition Strategies     5 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Boot Loader     5 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing from DVD or USB Drive     6 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Step-by-Step Installation     6 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing     7 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     First Update     11 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Shutting Down     11 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Finding Programs and Files     12 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Software Updater     12 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> The sudo Command     14 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring Software Repositories     15 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> System Settings     17 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Detecting and Configuring a Printer     18 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring Power Management in Ubuntu     18 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting the Time and Date     19 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring Wireless Networks     20 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Troubleshooting Post-Installation Configuration Problems     21 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 2  Background Information and Resources     23 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> What Is Linux?     23 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Why Use Linux?     25 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> What Is Ubuntu?     27 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu for Business     27 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu in Your Home     28 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Getting the Most from Linux and Ubuntu Documentation     28 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Linux     29 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Ubuntu     30 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PART II: DESKTOP UBUNTU </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 3  Foundations of the Linux GUI     31 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Foundations and the X Server     31 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Basic X Concepts     32 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using X     33 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Elements of the xorg conf File     34 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Starting X     39 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using a Display Manager     39 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing Window Managers     39 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 4  Ubuntu Desktop Options     41 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Desktop Environment     41 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using GNOME: A Primer     42 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> KDE and Kubuntu     45 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Xfce and Xubuntu     46 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> LXDE and Lubuntu     47 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> MATE and Ubuntu MATE     48 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu Budgie     49 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu Kylin     50 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 5  On the Internet     51 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Getting Started with Firefox     52 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Checking Out Google Chrome and Chromium     53 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 6  Productivity Applications     55 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Introducing LibreOffice     56 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Other Useful Productivity Software     58 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with PDFs     58 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Writing Scripts     59 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with XML and DocBook     59 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with LaTeX     60 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Mind Maps     61 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Productivity Applications Written for Microsoft Windows     61 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 7  Multimedia Applications     63 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Sound and Music     63 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Sound Cards     64 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Sound Formats     65 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listening to Music     65 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Graphics Manipulation     66 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The GNU Image Manipulation Program     66 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Scanners in Ubuntu     67 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with Graphics Formats     67 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Capturing Screen Images     69 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Other Graphics Manipulation Options     70 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Digital Cameras with Ubuntu     70 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Handheld Digital Cameras     70 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Shotwell Photo Manager     71 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Burning CDs and DVDs in Ubuntu     71 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating CDs and DVDs with Brasero     71 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating CDs from the Command Line     72 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating DVDs from the Command Line     73 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Viewing Video     75 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Video Formats     75 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Viewing Video in Linux     76 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Recording and Editing Audio     76 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Editing Video     77 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 8  Games     79 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu Gaming     79 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Installing Proprietary Video Drivers     80 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Online Game Sources     81 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Steam     81 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     GOG com     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Humble     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     itch io     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     LGDB     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Game Jolt     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Installing Games from the Ubuntu Repositories     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Warsow     82 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Scorched 3D     83 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Frozen Bubble     84 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     SuperTux     84 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Battle for Wesnoth     85 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Frets on Fire     85 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     FlightGear     87 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Speed Dreams     87 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Games for Kids     88 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Commercial Games     88 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Playing Windows Games     88 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PART III: SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 9  Managing Software         91 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu Software         91 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Synaptic for Software Management         92 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Staying Up to Date         94 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Working on the Command Line         95 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Day-to-Day APT Usage         95 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Software         98 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using apt-get Instead of apt         99 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Compiling Software from Source     100 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Compiling from a Tarball     100 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Compiling from Source from the Ubuntu Repositories     101 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuration Management     102 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     dotdee     102 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Ubuntu Core     103 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using the Snappy Package Manager     103 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 10  Command-Line Beginner's Class     105 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> What Is the Command Line?     106 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Accessing the Command Line     107 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Text-Based Console Login     107 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Logging Out     108 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Logging In and Out from a Remote Computer     108 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> User Accounts     109 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Reading Documentation     111 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Man Pages     111 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using apropros     112 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using whereis     112 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Understanding the Linux File System Hierarchy     112 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Essential Commands in /bin and /sbin     114 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuration Files in /etc     114 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     User Directories: /home     115 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using the Contents of the /proc Directory to Interact with or Obtain Information from the Kernel     115 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with Shared Data in the /usr Directory     117 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Temporary File Storage in the /tmp Directory     117 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Accessing Variable Data Files in the /var Directory     117 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Navigating the Linux File System     117 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listing the Contents of a Directory with ls     118 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing Directories with cd     120 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Your Current Directory with pwd     120 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Working with Permissions     120 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Assigning Permissions     121 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Directory Permissions     122 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Altering File Permissions with chmod     123 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     File Permissions with umask     124 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     File Permissions with chgrp     125 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing File Permissions with chown     125 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Understanding Set User ID, Set Group ID, and Sticky Bit Permissions     125 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Permissions with Access Control Lists     127 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Working with Files     128 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating a File with touch     128 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating a Directory with mkdir     129 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Deleting a Directory with rmdir     129 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Deleting a File or Directory with rm     130 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Moving or Renaming a File with mv     131 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Copying a File with cp     131 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Displaying the Contents of a File with cat     132 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Displaying the Contents of a File with less     132 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Wildcards and Regular Expressions     133 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Working as Root     133 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Understanding and Fixing sudo     134 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Users     136 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Deleting Users     137 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Shutting Down the System     137 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Rebooting the System     138 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Commonly Used Commands and Programs     139 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 11  Command-Line Master Class, Part 1     141 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Why Use the Command Line?     142 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Basic Commands     143 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Printing the Contents of a File with cat     144 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing Directories with cd     145 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing File Access Permissions with chmod     147 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Copying Files with cp     147 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Printing Disk Usage with du     148 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using echo     148 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Files by Searching with find     149 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Searches for a String in Input with grep     151 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Paging Through Output with less     152 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Links Between Files with ln     154 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Files from an Index with locate     156 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listing Files in the Current Directory with ls     156 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listing System Information with lsblk, lshw, lsmod, lspci, and neofetch     158 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Reading Manual Pages with man     159 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Making Directories with mkdir     160 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Moving Files with mv     161 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Renaming Files with rename     161 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Deleting Files and Directories with rm     161 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Sorting the Contents of a File with sort     162 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Printing the Last Lines of a File with tail     163 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Printing the Location of a Command with which     164 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Downloading Files with wget     164 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 12  Command-Line Master Class, Part 2     167 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Redirecting Output and Input     167 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> stdin, stdout, stderr, and Redirection     169 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Comparing Files     170 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Differences in Files with diff     170 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Finding Similarities in Files with comm     170 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Limiting Resource Use and Job Control     171 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listing Processes with ps     171 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Listing Jobs with jobs     173 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running One or More Tasks in the Background     173 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Moving Jobs to the Background or Foreground with bg and fg     174 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Printing Resource Usage with top     175 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Process Priority with nice     177 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Combining Commands     178 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Pipes     178 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Combining Commands with Boolean Operators     180 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running Separate Commands in Sequence     180 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Process Substitution     181 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Executing Jobs in Parallel     181 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Environment Variables     182 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Common Text Editors     185 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with nano     186 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with vi     187 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with emacs     188 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Working with sed and awk     189 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Working with Compressed Files     191 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Multiple Terminals with byobu192 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Doing a Polite System Reset Using REISUB     194 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Fixing an Ubuntu System That Will Not Boot     195 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Checking BIOS     195 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Checking GRUB     195 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Reinstalling GRUB     195 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Recovery Mode     196 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Reinstalling Ubuntu     196 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Tips and Tricks     196 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running the Previous Command     196 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running Any Previous Command     197 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running a Previous Command That Started with Specific Letters     197 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running the Same Thing You Just Ran with a Different First Word     197 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Viewing Your History and More     197 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Doing Two or More Things     198 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Shortcuts     198 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Confining a Script to a Directory     198 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Coreutils     199 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Reading the Contents of the Kernel Ring Buffer with dmesg     200 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 13  Managing Users     201 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> User Accounts     201 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Super User/Root User     202 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     User IDs and Group IDs     204 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     File Permissions     204 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Managing Groups     205 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Group Listing     205 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Group Management Tools     206 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Managing Users     207 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     User Management Tools     208 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Adding New Users     209 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Monitoring User Activity on the System     211 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Managing Passwords     212 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     System Password Policy     212 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Password File     212 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Shadow Passwords     214 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Managing Password Security for Users     216 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Changing Passwords in a Batch     216 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Granting System Administrator Privileges to Regular Users     217 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Temporarily Changing User Identity with the su Command     217 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Granting Root Privileges on Occasion: The sudo Command     219 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Disk Quotas     222 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Implementing Quotas     222 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Manually Configuring Quotas     223 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Related Ubuntu Commands     223 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 14  Automating Tasks and Shell Scripting     225 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> What Is a Shell?     225 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Scheduling Tasks     226 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using at and batch to Schedule Tasks for Later     227 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using cron to Run Jobs Repeatedly     229 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using rtcwake to Wake Your Computer from Sleep Automatically     231 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Basic Shell Control     233 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Shell Command Line     233 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Shell Pattern-Matching Support     235 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Redirecting Input and Output     236 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Piping Data     237 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Background Processing     237 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Writing and Executing a Shell Script     237 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Running the New Shell Program     239 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Storing Shell Scripts for System-wide Access     240 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Interpreting Shell Scripts Through Specific Shells     240 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Variables in Shell Scripts     242 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Assigning a Value to a Variable     242 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Accessing Variable Values     243 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Positional Parameters     243 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     A Simple Example of a Positional Parameter     243 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Positional Parameters to Access and Retrieve Variables from the Command Line     244 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using a Simple Script to Automate Tasks     244 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Built-in Variables     246 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Special Characters     247 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Comparison of Expressions in pdksh and bash     250 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Comparing Expressions with tcsh     255 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The for Statement     259 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The while Statement     261 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The until Statement     263 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The repeat Statement (tcsh)     263 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The select Statement (pdksh)     264 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The shift Statement     264 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The if Statement     265 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The expr Statement     266 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The case Statement     267 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The break and exit Statements     269 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Functions in Shell Scripts     269 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 15  The Boot Process     271 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Running Services at Boot     271 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Beginning the Boot Loading Process     272 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Loading the Linux Kernel     274 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Starting and Stopping Services with systemd     275 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Controlling Services at Boot with Administrative Tools     278 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Troubleshooting Runlevel Problems     278 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Boot-Repair     278 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 16  System-Monitoring Tools     281 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Console-Based Monitoring     281 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using the kill Command to Control Processes     283 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Priority Scheduling and Control     285 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Displaying Free and Used Memory with free     286 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Disk Space     286 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Disk Quotas     287 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Checking Log Files     287 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Rotating Log Files     289 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Graphical Process- and System-Management Tools     292 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     System Monitor     292 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Conky     292 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Other Graphical Process- and System-Monitoring Tools     297 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> KDE Process- and System-Monitoring Tools     298 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Enterprise Server Monitoring     298 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 17  Backing Up     301 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Choosing a Backup Strategy     301 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Why Data Loss Occurs     302 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Assessing Your Backup Needs and Resources     303 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Evaluating Backup Strategies     304 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Making the Choice     308 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Choosing Backup Hardware and Media     308 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     External Hard Drive     308 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Network Storage     308 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Tape Drive Backups     309 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Cloud Storage     309 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Backup Software     309 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     tar: The Most Basic Backup Tool     310 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The GNOME File Roller     312 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The KDE ark Archiving Tool     312 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Déjà Dup     313 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Back In Time     314 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Unison     315 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Amanda     315 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Alternative Backup Software     316 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Copying Files     316 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Copying Files Using tar     317 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Compressing, Encrypting, and Sending tar Streams     318 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Copying Files Using cp     318 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using rsync     319 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Version Control for Configuration Files     320 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> System Rescue     323 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Ubuntu Rescue Disc     323 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Restoring the GRUB2 Boot Loader     323 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Saving Files from a Nonbooting Hard Drive     324 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 18  Networking     325 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Laying the Foundation: The localhost Interface     326 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Checking for the Availability of the Loopback Interface     326 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring the Loopback Interface Manually     327 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Checking Connections with ping, traceroute, and mtr     328 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Networking with TCP/IP     330 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     TCP/IP Addressing     331 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using IP Masquerading in Ubuntu     332 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Ports     333 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> IPv6 Basics     334 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Network Organization     337 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Subnetting     337 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Subnet Masks     337 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Broadcast, Unicast, and Multicast Addressing     338 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Hardware Devices for Networking     338 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Network Interface Cards     338 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Network Cable     340 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Hubs and Switches     342 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Routers and Bridges     343 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Initializing New Network Hardware     343 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Network Configuration Tools     345 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Command-Line Network Interface Configuration     346 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Network Configuration Files     350 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Graphical Configuration Tools     355 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol     355 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     How DHCP Works     356 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Activating DHCP at Installation and Boot Time     357 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     DHCP Software Installation and Configuration     358 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using DHCP to Configure Network Hosts     359 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Other Uses for DHCP     361 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Wireless Networking     361 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Support for Wireless Networking in Ubuntu     361 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Choosing from Among Available Wireless Protocols     363 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Beyond the Network and onto the Internet     363 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Common Configuration Information     364 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring Digital Subscriber Line Access     365 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Understanding PPP over Ethernet     366 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring a PPPoE Connection Manually     366 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring Dial-up Internet Access     367 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Troubleshooting Connection Problems     368 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 19  Remote Access with SSH and VNC     371 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Setting Up an SSH Server     371 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> SSH Tools     372 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using scp to Copy Individual Files Between Machines     372 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using sftp to Copy Many Files Between Machines     373 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using ssh-keygen to Enable Key-Based Logins     373 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Virtual Network Computing     375 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Guacamole     377 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 20  Securing Your Machines     379 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Understanding Computer Attacks     379 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Assessing Your Vulnerability     381 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Protecting Your Machine     382 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Securing a Wireless Network     382 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Passwords and Physical Security     383 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring and Using Tripwire     384 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Securing Devices     385 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Viruses     385 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring Your Firewall     386 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> AppArmor     388 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Forming a Disaster Recovery Plan     390 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 21  Performance Tuning     393 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Storage Disk     394 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Linux File Systems     394 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The hdparm Command     395 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     File System Tuning     396 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The tune2fs Command     396 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The e2fsck Command     397 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The badblocks Command     397 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Disabling File Access Time     397 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Kernel     398 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Tuned     399 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 22  Kernel and Module Management     401 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> The Linux Kernel     402 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Linux Source Tree     403 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Types of Kernels     405 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Managing Modules     406 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> When to Recompile     408 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Kernel Versions     409 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Obtaining the Kernel Sources     409 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Patching the Kernel     410 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Compiling the Kernel     412 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using xconfig to Configure the Kernel     414 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating an Initial RAM Disk Image     418 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> When Something Goes Wrong     418 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Errors During Compile     418 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Runtime Errors, Boot Loader Problems, and Kernel Oops     419 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PART IV: UBUNTU AS A SERVER </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 23  Sharing Files and Printers     421 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Network File System     422 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing and Starting or Stopping NFS     422 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     NFS Server Configuration     422 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     NFS Client Configuration     423 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Putting Samba to Work     424 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Manually Configuring Samba with /etc/samba/smb conf     426 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Testing Samba with the testparm Command     429 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Starting, Stopping, and Restarting the smbd Daemon     429 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Mounting Samba Shares     430 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Network and Remote Printing with Ubuntu     431 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Network Printers     431 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using the CUPS GUI     433 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Avoiding Printer Support Problems     434 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 24  Common Web Server Stacks     437 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> LAMP     437 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> LEMP     439 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> MEAN     440 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 25  Apache Web Server Management     443 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> About the Apache Web Server     443 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Installing the Apache Server     444 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Starting and Stopping Apache     444 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Runtime Server Configuration Settings     446 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Runtime Configuration Directives     446 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Editing apache2 conf     447 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Apache Multiprocessing Modules     449 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using htaccess Configuration Files     450 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> File System Authentication and Access Control     452 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Restricting Access with Require     452 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Authentication     453 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Final Words on Access Control     455 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Apache Modules     455 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_access     456 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_alias     456 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_asis     456 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_auth     457 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_auth_anon     457 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_auth_dbm     457 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_auth_digest     457 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_autoindex4     58 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_cgi     458 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_dir and mod_env     458 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_expires     458 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_headers     458 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_include     459 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_info and mod_log_config     459 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_mime and mod_mime_magic     459 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_negotiation     459 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_rewrite     459 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_setenvif     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_speling     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_status     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_ssl     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_unique_id     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_userdir     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_usertrack     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     mod_vhost_alias     460 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Virtual Hosting     461 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Address-Based Virtual Hosts     461 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Name-Based Virtual Hosts     461 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Logging     463 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> HTTPS     464 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 26  Nginx Web Server Management     467 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> About the Nginx Web Server     467 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Installing the Nginx Server     469 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing from the Ubuntu Repositories     469 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Building the Source Yourself     469 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring the Nginx Server     470 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Virtual Hosting     473 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Setting Up PHP     474 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Adding and Configuring Modules     475 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> HTTPS     476 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 27  Other HTTP Servers     479 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Lighttpd     479 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Yaws     480 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Cherokee     480 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Jetty     481 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> thttpd     481 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Apache Tomcat     482 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> WildFly     482 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Caddy     482 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 28  Administering Relational Database Services     483 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> A Brief Review of Database Basics     484 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     How Relational Databases Work     486 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Understanding SQL Basics     487 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Tables     488 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Inserting Data into Tables     489 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Retrieving Data from a Database     490 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Choosing a Database: MySQL Versus PostgreSQL     492 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Speed     492 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Data Locking     492 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     ACID Compliance in Transaction Processing to Protect Data Integrity     493 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     SQL Subqueries     494 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Procedural Languages and Triggers     494 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring MySQL     494 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting a Password for the MySQL Root User     495 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating a Database in MySQL     496 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring PostgreSQL     498 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Initializing the Data Directory in PostgreSQL     498 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating a Database in PostgreSQL     499 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Database Users in PostgreSQL     499 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Deleting Database Users in PostgreSQL     500 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Granting and Revoking Privileges in PostgreSQL     500 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Database Clients     501 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     SSH Access to a Database     501 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Local GUI Client Access to a Database     503 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Web Access to a Database     503 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The MySQL Command-Line Client     504 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The PostgreSQL Command-Line Client     505 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Graphical Clients     506 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 29  NoSQL Databases     509 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Key/Value Stores     512 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Berkeley DB     512 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Cassandra     513 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     etcd     513 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Memcached and MemcacheDB     513 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Redis     514 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Riak     514 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Scylla     514 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Document Stores     514 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     CouchDB     515 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     MongoDB     516 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     BaseX     517 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Wide Column Stores     517 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     BigTable     517 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     HBase     518 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Graph Stores     518 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Neo4j     518 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     OrientDB     519 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     HyperGraphDB     519 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     FlockDB     519 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 30  Virtualization on Ubuntu     521 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> KVM     523 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> VirtualBox     527 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> VMware     528 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Xen     528 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 31  Containers and Ubuntu     531 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> LXC and LXD     532 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Docker     533 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Kubernetes     534 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 32  Ubuntu and Cloud Computing     535 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Why a Cloud?     536 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Software as a Service (SaaS)     537 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Platform as a Service (PaaS)     537 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)     537 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Metal as a Service (MaaS)     537 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Things to Consider Before You Make Any Decisions     538 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ubuntu on the Public Cloud     538 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     OpenStack     538 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Amazon Web Services     539 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Google Cloud     539 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Microsoft Azure     539 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Hybrid Clouds     539 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Canonical-Specific Cloud Offerings     540 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Juju     540 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Mojo: Continuous Delivery for Juju     541 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Landscape     541 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 33  Managing Sets of Servers     543 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Puppet     543 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chef     544 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ansible     544 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> SaltStack     544 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> CFEngine     545 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Juju     545 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Landscape     545 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 34  Handling Email     547 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> How Email Is Sent and Received     547 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Mail Transport Agent     548 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Choosing an MTA     550 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Mail Delivery Agent     550 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Mail User Agent     551 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Basic Postfix Configuration and Operation     552 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring Masquerading     554 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using Smart Hosts     554 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Message Delivery Intervals     555 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Mail Relaying     555 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Forwarding Email with Aliases     556 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using Fetchmail to Retrieve Mail     557 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing Fetchmail     557 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Configuring Fetchmail     557 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Choosing a Mail Delivery Agent     560 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Procmail     561 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Spamassassin     561 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Squirrelmail     561 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Virus Scanners     562 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Autoresponders     562 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 35  Proxying, Reverse Proxying, and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)     563 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> What Is a Proxy Server?     563 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Installing Squid     564 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring Clients     564 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Access Control Lists     565 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Specifying Client IP Addresses     569 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Sample Configurations     570 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)     572 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Up a VPN Client     573 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Up a VPN Server     575 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 36  Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)     579 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring the Server     580 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Your Schema     580 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Populating Your Directory     582 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Configuring Clients     584 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> LDAP Administration     584 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 37  Name Serving with the Domain Name System (DNS)     587 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Understanding Domain Names     588 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     DNS Servers     589 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     DNS Records     590 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Setting Up a DNS Server with BIND     593 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PART V: PROGRAMMING LINUX </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 38  Using Programming Tools     597 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Programming in C with Linux     598 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using the C Programming Project Management Tools Provided with Ubuntu     599 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Building Programs with make     599 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using the autoconf Utility to Configure Code     601 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Debugging Tools     602 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Using the GNU C Compiler     603 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Programming in Java with Linux     604 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Graphical Development Tools     605 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     IDEs and SDKs     605 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Using the KDevelop Client     606 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     The Glade Client for Developing in GNOME     607 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Beginning Mobile Development for Android     607 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Hardware     608 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Linux Kernel     608 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Libraries     608 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Android Runtime     608 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Application Framework     608 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Applications     609 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Installing Android Studio     609 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Your First Android Application     609 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Version Control Systems     609 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Managing Software Projects with Git     610 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Managing Software Projects with Bazaar     611 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Managing Software Projects with Subversion     612 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery and DevOps Tools     613 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     CI/CD Tools     614 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Chaos Engineering     614 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Canonical-created Tools     614 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Launchpad     614 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Ubuntu Make     615 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating Snap Packages     615 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Bikeshed and Other Tools     616 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 39  Using Popular Programming Languages     621 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ada     622 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Clojure     622 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> COBOL     623 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> D     624 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Dart     624 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Elixir     625 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Elm     625 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Erlang     625 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Forth     626 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Fortran     626 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Go     626 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Groovy     627 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Haskell     627 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Java     627 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> JavaScript     628 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Kotlin     628 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Lisp     629 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Lua     629 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Mono     629 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> OCaml     630 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Perl     630 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> PHP     631 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Python     631 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Raku     631 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Ruby     631 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Rust     632 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Scala     632 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Scratch     632 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Vala     633 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 40  Helping with Ubuntu Development     635 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Introduction to Ubuntu Development     636 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Setting Up Your Development System     637 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Install Basic Packages and Configure     637 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Creating a Launchpad Account     638 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div>     Setting Up Your Environment to Work with Launchpad     638 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Fixing Bugs and Packaging     640 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Chapter 41  Helping with Ubuntu Testing and QA     645 </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> Community Teams     645 </div> <div> <br> </

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