The Future of Arid Lands-Revisited

Foreword.- Chapter 1: Introduction: the future is now.- 1.1. The Future of Arid Lands.- 1.2 The Future of Arid Lands – Revisited .- 1.2.1. Scope.- 1.2.2. Audience.- 1.2.3. Objective. Chapter 2. Contexts.- 2.1. The situation in the 1950s.- 2.1.1 Ambience: the post-World War II years.- 2.1.2. Science: belief in technology.- 2.1.3. Policy: focus on growth .- 2.2 The situation today.- 2.2.1. Ambience: towards a globalized world Globalization: Developing countries, Globalization: Industrialized countries.- 2.2.2. Science: complexity and uncertainty.- 2.2.3. Policy: focus on sustainability .- Box 2.1: Drought follows the plow – boom and bust in drylands. Chapter 3: The search for water.- 3.1 The situation in the 1950s.- 3.1.1. Surface water development .- 3.1.2. Groundwater development.- 3.1.3. Water harvesting.- 3.1.4. Desalination .- 3.1.5 Water reuse.- 3.1.6 Water use efficiency.- 3.2 The situation today.- 3.2.1. Surface water development.- 3.2.2 Groundwater .- 3.2.3 Water harvesting.- 3.2.4 Desalination .- 3.2.5 Wastewater .- 3.2.6 Stormwater.- 3.2.7 Conservation.- 3.2.8 Integrated water resource management.- Box 3.1: The Aral Sea.- Box 3.2: The Salton Sea. Chapter 4. Weather modification – more than bargained for?.- 4.1 The situation in the 1950s .- 4.1.1 Understanding climate variability .- 4.1.2 Weather modification: making it rain .- 4.2 The situation today .- 4.2.1 Advances in understanding climate variability .- 4.2.2 Revisiting weather modification .- 4.2.3 Global climate change and drylands .- Box 4.1: Project Cirrus (1947-1952).- Box 4.2: Use of ENSO information for southern Africa.- Box 4.3: No Snows of Kilimanjaro – a threat to water resources in the adjacent drylands?. Chapter 5. Plant and animal alternatives.- 5.1. The situation in the 1950s .- 5.1.1 Exploiting what is there.- 5.1.2 Developing new crops from dryland plants.- 5.1.3 Importing new resources from other drylands.- 5.1.4 Improving crops for dryland environments.- 5.2 Thesituation today.- 5.2.1. Exploiting what is there.- 5.2.2. Developing new crops from dryland plants.- 5.2.3 Importing new resources from other drylands.- 5.2.4 Improving crops for dryland environments.- 5.2.5 Livestock.- 5.2.6 Changes in the scope of research .- Box 5.1: Guayule: A 'new' drylands crop.- Box 5.2: The prickly pear menace in Australia.- Box 5.3: Buffelgrass: Boon or bane?. Chapter 6: Ecosystems .- 6.1 The situation in the 1950s.- 6.1.1 Ecological balance as guiding principle .- 6.1.2 Systems thinking in its infancy .- 6.2 The situation today.- 6.2.1 'New Ecology' and the non-equilibrium paradigm .- 6.2.2 Complex systems science.- Ecosystems ecology.- Biogeochemistry.- 6.2.3 Panarchy.- Box 6.1: Succession and the classification of range condition .- Box 6.2: Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER).- Box 6.3: The elephant question in Tsavo. Chapter 7: Land Use and Management .- 7.1 The situation in the 1950s.- 7.1.1 Drylands as a source of food: The Malthusian argument.- 7.1.2 Concerns about 'overuse'.- 7.2 The situation today.- 7.2.1 Multiple land use alternatives .- Agriculture.- Urbanization.- Recreation and tourism.- Climate change mitigation .- 7.2.2 Systems approaches in land management.- Gestion de terroirs.- Integrated watershed management.- 7.2.3 Dryland management in the context of global debates.- Sustainability and sustainable development.- The desertification debate.- Box 7.1: The Virgin Lands Programme in the Soviet Union .- Box 7.2: Integrated river basin management: The Nile Basin Initiative. Chapter 8: Policy in and for drylands.- 8.1 The situation in the 1950s.- 8.1.1 Development through 'modernization' .- 8.1.2 National governments as key political actors .- 8.1.3 Global institutions in their beginning.- 8.2 The situation today.- 8.2.1 New views on development .- 8.2.2 Global environmental governance.- Desertification.- Climate change.- 8.2.3 Inter-sectoral and inter-institutional coordination and cooperation.- 8.2.4 Civil society, parti