Database Design & Relational Theory

Preface

Part 1: SETTING THE SCENE
1. Preliminaries
-SOME QUOTES FROM THE LITERATURE
-A NOTE ON TERMINOLOGY
-THE RUNNING EXAMPLE
-KEYS
-THE PLACE OF DESIGN THEORY
-AIMS OF THIS BOOK
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

2. Prerequisites
-OVERVIEW
-RELATIONS AND RELVARS
-PREDICATES AND PROPOSITIONS
-MORE ON SUPPLIERS AND PARTS
-EXERCISES

Part 2: FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES, BOYCE/CODD NORMAL FORM, AND RELATED MATTERS
3. Normalization: Some Generalities
-NORMALIZATION SERVES TWO PURPOSES
-UPDATE ANOMALIES
-THE NORMAL FORM HIERARCHY
-NORMALIZATION AND CONSTRAINTS
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

4. FDs and BCNF (Informal)
-FIRST NORMAL FORM
-FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES
-KEYS REVISITED
-SECOND NORMAL FORM
-THIRD NORMAL FORM
-BOYCE/CODD NORMAL FORM
-EXERCISES

5. FDs and BCNF (Formal)
-PRELIMINARY DEFINITIONS
-FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES
-BOYCE/CODD NORMAL FORM
-HEATH'S THEOREM
-EXERCISES

6. Preserving FDs
-AN UNFORTUNATE CONFLICT
-ANOTHER EXAMPLE
-... AND ANOTHER
-... AND STILL ANOTHER
-A PROCEDURE THAT WORKS
-IDENTITY DECOMPOSITIONS
-MORE ON THE CONFLICT
-INDEPENDENT PROJECTIONS
-EXERCISES

7. FD Axiomatization
-ARMSTRONG'S AXIOMS
-ADDITIONAL RULES
-PROVING THE ADDITIONAL RULES
-ANOTHER KIND OF CLOSURE
-EXERCISES

8. Denormalization
-"DENORMALIZE FOR PERFORMANCE"?
-WHAT DOES DENORMALIZATION MEAN?
-WHAT DENORMALIZATION ISN'T (I)
-WHAT DENORMALIZATION ISN'T (II)
-DENORMALIZATION CONSIDERED HARMFUL (I)
-DENORMALIZATION CONSIDERED HARMFUL (II)
-A FINAL REMARK
-EXERCISES

Part 3: JOIN DEPENDENCIES, FIFTH NORMAL FORM, AND RELATED MATTERS
9. JDs and 5NF (Informal)
-JOIN DEPENDENCIES—THE BASIC IDEA
-A RELVAR IN BCNF AND NOT 5NF
-CYCLIC RULES
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

10. JDs and 5NF (Formal)
-JOIN DEPENDENCIES
-FIFTH NORMAL FORM
-JDs IMPLIED BY KEYS
-A USEFUL THEOREM
-FDs AREN'T JDs
-UPDATE ANOMALIES REVISITED
-EXERCISES

11. Implicit Dependencies
-IRRELEVANT COMPONENTS
-COMBINING COMPONENTS
-IRREDUCIBLE JDs
-SUMMARY SO FAR
-THE CHASE ALGORITHM
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

12. MVDs and 4NF
-AN INTRODUCTORY EXAMPLE
-MULTIVALUED DEPENDENCIES (INFORMAL)
-MULTIVALUED DEPENDENCIES (FORMAL)
-FOURTH NORMAL FORM
-AXIOMATIZATION
-EMBEDDED DEPENDENCIES
-EXERCISES

13. Additional Normal Forms
-EQUALITY DEPENDENCIES
-SIXTH NORMAL FORM
-SUPERKEY NORMAL FORM
-REDUNDANCY FREE NORMAL FORM
-DOMAIN-KEY NORMAL FORM
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

Part 3: ORTHOGONALITY
14. The Principle of Orthogonal Design
-TWO CHEERS FOR NORMALIZATION
-A MOTIVATING EXAMPLE
-A SIMPLER EXAMPLE
-TUPLES vs. PROPOSITIONS
-THE FIRST EXAMPLE REVISITED
-THE SECOND EXAMPLE REVISITED
-THE FINAL VERSION
-A CLARIFICATION
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

Part 4: REDUNDANCY
15. We Need More Science
-A LITTLE HISTORY
-DATABASE DESIGN IS PREDICATE DESIGN
-MANAGING REDUNDANCY
-REFINING THE DEFINITION
-CONCLUDING REMARKS
-EXERCISES

Part 5: APPENDIXES
Appendix A: Primary Keys Are Nice but Not Essential
Appendix B: Redundancy Revisited
Appendix C: Historical Notes
Appendix D: Answers to Exercises

Index