The Position of the Individual in International Law according to Grotius and Vattel

Name: The Position of the Individual in International Law according to Grotius and Vattel
Author: Peter Pavel Remec

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Paperback, 260 blz. | Engels

Springer Netherlands | 0e druk, 1960

ISBN13: 9789401504058

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Juridisch :

Springer Netherlands 0e druk, 1960 9789401504058

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According to democratic theory the state is for man not man for the state. This theory has been implemented by bills of rights in many national constitutions giving the individual a legal opportunity to redress abuses by his state. In Federal Consti tutions, however, difficulties have been faced when central au thority seeks to enforce the standards of the constitution against the legislation and customs of the constituent states. The latter habitually resist, proclaiming the virtues of horne rule and local self-govemment, also supported by democratic theory. Thus the opposition of man versus the state develops into a double op position of man versus the state and the state versus the super state. To what extent should the super-state take the part of man demanding respect for human rights, or of the state demand ing self-govemment, when the two conflict? The failure to solve this problem precipitated the American Civil War and continues to agitate American politics. Should the human right of equal educational opportunities prevail over the "State's Right" of autonomy in the organization of its schools? The same problem appears in more virulent form in the efforts of the United Nations to "promote respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion" without "intervening in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state.

Specificaties

ISBN13:9789401504058

Taal:Engels

Bindwijze:paperback

Aantal pagina's:260

Uitgever:Springer Netherlands

Druk:0

Hoofdrubriek:Algemeen juridisch, Juridisch

Inhoudsopgave

I. Classics and Modern International Law.- A. The Position of the Individual in International Law According to Current Theories.- The Traditional Positivist Doctrine 3 The Organized Community of Nations and the Individual 10 Analysis of the Positivist Doctrine 18 Modern Reaction against Positivism in International Law 32.- B. Reasons for the Present Re-examination of Grotius and Vattel.- Modern Doctrine and Natural Law Schools 41 Criteria for the Specific Choice of the Two Authors 44.- II. The Position of the Individual in International Law According to Hugo Grotius.- A. International Relations and Law.- B. Law of Nature and Volitional Law.- The Content of the Law of Nature 63 Volitional Law 69 The Law of Nations 76.- C. Law of Nations and War.- “Just War” and Its Implications 88 Law of Nations Contrary to the Law of Nature 96 Individual and the Laws of War 102.- D. Limitations of the Laws of War — Development of the Law of Nations.- Moderations (Temperamenta) 107 Improvement of the Law of Nations 113.- E. Summary.- III. The Position of the Individual in International Law According to Emer de Vattel.- A. The System of the Law of Nations.- Notion of Rights and Obligations 129 Necessary or Natural Law of Nations 140 Voluntary Law of Nations 144 Customary and Conventional Law of Nations 157.- B. Individual and the Sovereign State.- Nature of the State and of the Individual 157 The Civil Society 160 Indidual’s Rights and Duties 173.- C. Vattel’s Scientific Method of Individual-State Analogy.- D. Individual, State, and the Society of Nations.- E. Summary.- IV. International Protection of the Rights of the Individual against Oppression by His Own State.- A. Outline of the Problem.- B. Human Rights in the Grotian System.- C. International Relevance of Human Rights in the Vattelian System.- V. Summary Evaluation.- A. Natural Law and Its Application.- B. Relation between the Positive Law and the Law of Nature.- C. Protection of Human Rights.

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