<p>Preface Dmitry I. Gabrilovich </p><p>Introduction</p><p>Role of the immunological environment in cancer initiation, development and progression<br>Anatoli Malyguine, Viktor Umansky and Michael R. Shurin </p><p>Part I Tumor Microenvironment and Immunoenvironment</p><p>The metastatic microenvironment <br>Shelly Maman and Isaac P. Witz </p><p>Tumor infiltration by immune cells: pathologic evaluation and a clinical significance<br>Dmitri W. Gutkin</p><p>Immunologic interpretation of cancer biology: impact on clinical outcome <br>Maria Libera Ascierto, Ena Wang and Francesco M Marincola </p><p>Part II Developmental Characteristics of the Tumor ImmunoEnvironment </p><p>Development of antitumor cellular immunity<br>M.J.P. Welters and S.H. van der Burg </p><p>The versatile world of inflammatory chemokines in cancer<br>Tal Leibovich-Rivkin, Yaeli Lebel-Haziv, Shalom Lerrer, Polina Weitzenfeld and Adit Ben-Baruch </p><p>Inflammation, Tumor Progression, and Immune Suppression<br>Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg </p><p>Pleiotropic and differential functions of IL-1a and IL-1b shape the tumor microenvironment and affect the outcome of malignancies<br>Ron N. Apte and Elena Voronov </p><p>Impact of obesity and aging on the tumor immunoenvironment<br>Annie Mirsoian, Gail D. Sckisel, Anthony E. Zamora and William J. Murphy </p><p>Part III Tumor Escape from Immune Recognition </p><p>MHC class I antigens and the tumor microenvironment<br>Natalia Apsirauri, Teresa Cabrera, Angel Garcia-Lora, Francisco Ruiz-Cabello and Federico Garrido </p><p>Tumor-produced immune regulating factors <br>Mads Hald Andersen, Jürgen C. Becker and Per thor Straten</p><p>Roles of signaling pathways in cancer cells and immune cells in generation of immunosuppressive tumor-associated microenvironmentsYutaka Kawakami, Tomonori Yaguchi, Hidetoshi Sumimoto, Chie Kudo-Saito, Nobuo Tsukamoto, Tomoko Iwata-Kajihara, Shoko Nakamura, Hiroshi Nishio, Ryosuke Satomi, Asuka Kobayashi, Mayuri Tanaka, Jeong Hoon Park, Hajime Kamijuku, Takahiro Tsujikawa and Naoshi Kawamura </p><p>T cell malfunction in the tumor environment<br>Eitan Yefenof</p><p>Signaling of tumor-induced immunosuppression of dendritic cells<br>Yong Lu, Jing Yang and Qing Yi </p><p>Tumor microenvironment may shape the function and phenotype of NK cells through the induction of split anergy and generation of regulatory NK cells<br>Anahid Jewett and Han-Ching Tseng </p><p>Part IV Immune Regulators in the Tumor ImmunoEnvironment </p><p>The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer<br>Jonathan Weiss </p><p>Macrophage differentiation and activation states in the tumor microenvironment<br>Jo A. Van Ginderachter </p><p>Dendritic cells and cancer: development, dysfunction and therapeutic targets<br>Stephanie K. Watkins and Arthur A. Hurwitz </p><p><p>The role of tumor-associated neutrophils in cancer<br>Zvi G. Fridlender </p><p>Mast cell modulation of the tumor microenvironment<br>Jean Marshall and Sharon Oldford</p><p>Regulatory T cells in patients with cancer<br>Theresa Whiteside</p><p>Tumor-evoked regulatory B cells as important mediators of cancer escape <br>Catalina Lee-Chang, Monica Bodogai and Arya Biragyn <sup></sup></p><p><p>Part V Tumor Escape and Cancer Immunotherapy </p><p>Cancer immunotherapy: Overview in brief<br>Philipp Beckhove </p><p>Programming of MDSC: New opportunities for targeted therapy<br>Peter Svider, Shu-Hsia Chen and Andy Sikora</p><p>Therapeutic targeting regulatory T cells in tumor<br>Wei Wang and Weiping Zou<sup></sup></p><p>ChemoImmunoModulation: Focus on myeloid regulatory cells<br>Viktor Umansky and Michael R. Shurin </p><p><p>Combining vaccines with therapies that render tumor cells more susceptible to immune mediated killing<br>Nishith Singh, James Hodge, Ravi Madan and James L. Gulley</p><p>Prophylactic Cancer Vaccines<br>Pamela L. Beatty and Olivera Finn </p><p>Part VI Analyzing Immune Responses in Cancer </p><p>Approaches to Immunologic Monitoring of Clinical Trials<br>Lisa H. Butterfield, Lazar Vujanovic and Angela Pardee </p><p>Evaluation of the tumor immunoenvironment in clinical trials<br>Anatoli Malyguine, Kimberly Dunham, Thomas Sayers and Michael R. Shurin </p><p>Analysis of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in Patients with Cancer<br>Peiyuan Zhu, Yevgeniya V. Segal, Galina V. Shurin and Michael R. Shurin</p><p>When results of T cell immune monitoring match or do not match clinical outcomes of tumor vaccine trials - what more could and should we measure?<br>Paul V. Lehmann and Srividya Sundararaman</p><p> </p><p>