Vitamin D

<p>VOLUME ONE</p> <p>SECTION I: CHEMISTRY, METABOLISM, CIRCULATION </p> <p>1 Historical Overview of Vitamin D</p> <p>Hector F. Deluca</p> <p>2 Photobiology of Vitamin D </p> <p>Michael F. Holick</p> <p>3 The Activating Enzymes of Vitamin D Metabolism (25- and 1a-Hydroxylases)</p> <p>Glenville Jones and David E. Prosser</p> <p>4 CYP24A1: Structure, Function, and Physiological Role</p> <p>Rene St. Arnaud</p> <p>5 The Vitamin D Binding Protein: DBP</p> <p>Roger Bouillon </p> <p>6 Industrial Aspects of Vitamin D </p> <p>Arnold L. Hirsch</p> <p>SECTION II: MECHANISMS OF ACTION</p> <p>7 VDR </p> <p>J. Wesley Pike</p> <p>8 Nuclear Vitamin D Receptor: Natural Ligands, Molecular Structure-Function, and Transcriptional Control of Vital Genes </p> <p>Mark R. Haussler, Carol A. Haussler, Jui-Cheng Hsieh, Peter W. Jurutka, and G. Kerr Whitfield</p> <p>9 Structural Basis for Ligand Activity in VDR</p> <p>Dino Moras and Natacha Rochel</p> <p>10 Coregulators of VDR-mediated Gene Expression </p> <p>Paul McDonald and Diane R. Dowd</p> <p>11 Target Genes of Vitamin D: Spatio-temporal Interaction of Chromatin, VDR and Response Elements </p> <p>Carsten Carlberg</p> <p>12 Epigenetic Modifications in Vitamin D Receptor Mediated Transrepression</p> <p>Shigeaki Kato, Alexander Kouzmenko, Fumiaki Ohtake, and Ryoji Fujiki</p> <p>13 Vitamin D and Wnt/ß-Catenin Signaling</p> <p>Albert Munoz, José Manuel González-Sancho, and María Jesús Larriba</p> <p>14 Vitamin D Response Element Binding Protein </p> <p>John S. Adams, Thomas S. Lisse, Hong Chen, Mark S. Nanes, and Martin Hewison</p> <p>15 Vitamin D Sterol/VDR Conformational Dynamics and Nongenomic Actions</p> <p>Anthony W. Norman and Mathew T. Mizwicki</p> <p>SECTION III: MINERAL AND BONE HOMEOSTASIS </p> <p>16 Development of the Skeleton</p> <p>Jane B. Lian, Gary S. Stein, Martin Montecino, Janet L. Stein, Andre J. van Wijnen</p> <p>17 Vitamin D Regulation of Osteoblast Function</p> <p>Renny Franchesci and Yan Li</p> <p>18 Osteoclasts</p> <p>F. Patrick Ross</p> <p>19 Molecular Mechanisms for Regulation of Intestinal Calcium and Phosphate Absorption by Vitamin D</p> <p>James Fleet and Ryan D. Schoch</p> <p>20 The Calbindins: Calbindin-D28K and Calbindin-D9K and the Epithelial Calcium Channels TRPV5 and TRPV6 </p> <p>Sylvia Christakos, Leila Mady, and Puneet Dhawan</p> <p>21 Mineralization</p> <p>Adele Boskey and Eve Donnelly</p> <p>22 VITAMIN D Regulation of Type I Collagen Expression in Bone </p> <p>Barbara Kream and Alexander Lichtler</p> <p>23 Target Genes: Bone Proteins </p> <p>Howard Morris, Paul H. Anderson, Gerald J. Atkins, and David M. Findlay</p> <p>24 Vitamin D and the Calcium-Sensing Receptor </p> <p>Edward M. Brown</p> <p>25 Effects of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels in Osteoblast Differentiation and Morphology </p> <p>Mary Farach-Carson and William R. Thompson</p> <p>SECTION IV: TARGETS</p> <p>26 Vitamin D and the Kidney</p> <p>Rajiv Kumar and Peter Tebben</p> <p>27 Vitamin D and the Parathyroids </p> <p>Justin Silver and Tally Neveh-Many</p> <p>28 Cartilage </p> <p>Barbara D. Boyan, Maryam Doroudi and Zvi Schwartz</p> <p>29 Vitamin D and Oral Heath </p> <p>Ariane Berdal, Muriel Molla, Vianney Descroix</p> <p>30 The Role of Vitamin D and its Receptor in Skin and Hair Follicle Biology</p> <p>Marie B. Demay</p> <p>31 Vitamin D and the Cardiovascular System</p> <p>David Gardner, Songcang Chen, Denis Glenn, and Wei Ni</p> <p>32 Vitamin D: A Neurosteroid Affecting Brain Development and Function; Implications for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders</p> <p>John McGrath, Darryl Eyles, and Thomas Burne</p> <p>33 Contributions of Genetically Modified Mouse Models to Understanding the Physiology and Pathophysiology of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1-alpha Hydroxylase Enzyme [1a(OH)ase] and the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) </p> <p>David Goltzman, Geoffrey N. Hendy, and Richard Kremer</p> <p>SECTION V: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY</p> <p>34 Vitamin D: Role in the Calcium and Phosphorus Economies</p> <p>Robert P. Heaney</p> <p>35 Fetus, Neonate and Infant</p> <p>Chris Kovacs</p> <p>36 Vitamin D Deficiency and Calcium Absorption During Childhood </p> <p>Steven A. Abrams</p> <p>37 Adolescence and Acquisition of Peak Bone Mass</p> <p>Connie Weaver, Rick Lewis, and Emma Liang</p> <p>38 Vitamin D Metabolism in Pregnancy and Lactation </p> <p>Bonny Specker, Natalie W. Thiex, and Heidi J. Kalkwarf </p> <p>39 Vitamin D: Relevance in Reproductive Biology and Pathophysiological Implications in Reproductive Dysfunction</p> <p>Hugh S. Taylor and Lubna Pal</p> <p>40 Vitamin D and the Renin-Angiotensin System </p> <p>Yan Chun Li</p> <p>41 Parathyroid Hormone, Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein and Calcitonin</p> <p>John J. Wysolmerski and Elizabeth Holt</p> <p>42 FGF23/Klotho New Regulators of Vitamin D Metabolism </p> <p>L. Darryl Quarles and Valentin David</p> <p>43 The Role of the Vitamin D Receptor in Bile Acid Homeostasis</p> <p>David J. Mangelsdorf, Daniel R. Schmidt, Steven A. Kliewer</p> <p>44 Vitamin D and Fat</p> <p>Clifford J. Rosen and Francisco J. A. de Paula</p> <p>45 Extra-renal 1a-hydroxylase </p> <p>Martin Hewison and John S. Adams</p> <p>Section VI: Diagnosis and Management </p> <p>46 Approach to the Patient </p> <p>Michael P. Whyte</p> <p>47 Detection of Vitamin D and Its Major Metabolites</p> <p>Bruce W. Hollis</p> <p>48 Bone Histomorphometry</p> <p>Juliet E. Compston and Linda Skingle</p> <p>49 Radiology </p> <p>Judith E. Adams</p> <p>50 High-Resolution Imagine Techniques for Bone Quality Assessment</p> <p>Sharmila Majumdar, Andrew J. Burghardt, and Roland Krug</p> <p>51 The Role of Vitamin D in Orthopaedic Surgery</p> <p>Joseph M. Lane, Aasis Unnanuntana, and Brian J. Rebolledo</p> <p>SECTION VII: NUTRITION, SUNLIGHT, GENETICS, AND VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY</p> <p>52 Worldwide Vitamin D Status</p> <p>Paul Lips and Natasja van Schoor</p> <p>53 Sunlight, Vitamin D and Prostate Cancer Epidemiology </p> <p>Gary G. Schwartz</p> <p>54 Nutrition and lifestyle effects on vitamin D status </p> <p>Susan J. Whiting and Mona S. Calvo</p> <p>55 Bone Loss, Vitamin D and Bariatric Surgery: Nutrition, Obesity and Bariatric Surgery </p> <p>Lenore Arab and Ian Yip</p> <p>56 Genes and Risk of Disease</p> <p>André G. Uitterlinden</p> <p>57 The Pharmacology of Vitamin D </p> <p>Reinhold Vieth</p> <p>58 How to Define Optimal Vitamin D Status?</p> <p>Roger Bouillon </p> <p>VOLUME TWO</p> <p>SECTION VIII: DISORDERS</p> <p>59 The Hypocalcemic Disorders: Differential Diagnosis and Therapeutic Use of Vitamin D</p> <p>Thomas O. Carpenter and Karl L. Insogna</p> <p>60 Vitamin D Deficiency and Nutritional Rickets in Children</p> <p>John M. Pettifor</p> <p>61 Vitamin D and Osteoporosis</p> <p>Peter R. Ebeling and John A. Eisman</p> <p>62 Relevance of Vitamin D Deficiency in Adult Fracture and Fall Prevention </p> <p>Heike Bischoff-Ferrari and Bess Dawson-Hughes</p> <p>63 Clinical Disorders of Phosphate Homeostasis</p> <p>Marc K. Drezner and Karen E. Hansen</p> <p>64 Pseudo-vitamin D Deficiency </p> <p>Francis H. Glorieux, Thomas Edouard, and René St-Arnaud</p> <p>65 Hereditary 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Resistant Rickets</p> <p>Peter J. Malloy, David Feldman, and Dov Tiosano</p> <p>66 Glucocorticoids and Vitamin D </p> <p>Philip Sambrook</p> <p>67 Drug and Hormone Effects on Vitamin D Metabolism</p> <p>Sol Epstein and Barrie M. Weinstein</p> <p>68 Vitamin D and Organ Transplantation</p> <p>Elizabeth Shane and Emily M. Stein</p> <p>69 Vitamin D and Bone Mineral Metabolism in Hepatogastrointestinal Diseases <br>Daniel Bikle</p> <p>70 Vitamin D and Renal Disease </p> <p>Adriana S. Dusso and Eduardo Slatopolsky</p> <p>71 Idiopathic Hypercalciuria and Nephrolithiasis</p> <p>Murray J. Favus and Fredric L. Coe</p> <p>72 Hypercalcemia Due to Vitamin D Toxicity</p> <p>John P. Bilezikian, Natalie E. Cusano, and Susan Thys-Jacobs</p> <p>73 Vitamin D: Cardiovascular Effects and Vascular Calcification </p> <p>Dwight A. Towler</p> <p>SECTION IX: ANALOGS</p> <p>74 New Analogs</p> <p>Hector DeLuca and Lori A. Plum</p> <p>75 Mechanisms for the Selective Actions of Vitamin D Analogs</p> <p>Alex J. Brown </p> <p>76 Analogs of Calcitriol </p> <p>Annemieke Verstuyf, Pierre De Clercq, Roger Bouillon, Lieve Verlinden, Guy Eelen, and Maurits Vandewalle</p> <p>77 Analogs and Fx Prevention</p> <p>Noboru Kubodera and Fumiaki Takahashi</p> <p>78 Non-Secosteroidal Ligands and Modulators</p> <p>Keith R. Stayrook, Yanfei L. Ma, Matthew W. Carson, and Jeffrey A. Dodge</p> <p>79 The bile acid derivatives lithocholic acid acetate and lithocholic acid propionate are functionally selective vitamin D receptor ligands </p> <p>Makoto Makishima and Sachiko Yamada</p> <p>80 CYP24A1 Regulation in Health and Disease</p> <p>Martin Petkovich, Tina Epps, and Christian Helvig</p> <p>81 Calcitriol and Analogs in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease</p> <p>Ravi Thadhani and Ishir Bhan</p> <p>SECTION X: CANCER</p> <p>82 The Epidemiology of Vitamin D and Cancer Risk</p> <p>Edward Giovannucci</p> <p>83 Vitamin D: Cancer and Differentiation </p> <p>Johannes P. T. M. van Leeuwen, Alberto Munoz, Marjolein van Driel, and David Feldman</p> <p>84 Vitamin D Effects on Differentiation and Cell Cycle</p> <p>George P. Studzinski, Elzbieta Gocek, and Michael Danilenko</p> <p>85 Vitamin D Actions in Mammary Gland and Breast Cancer </p> <p>Joellen Welsh</p> <p>86 Vitamin D and Prostate Cancer</p> <p>David Feldman and Aruna V. Krishnan</p> <p>87 The VITAMIN D System and Colorectal Cancer Prevention</p> <p>Heide S. Cross</p> <p>88 Hematological Malignancy</p> <p>H. Phillip Koeffler and Ryoko Okamoto</p> <p>89 Vitamin D and Skin Cancer </p> <p>Jean Y. Tang and Ervin H. Epstein</p> <p>90 The Anti-Tumor Effects of Vitamin D in Other Cancers</p> <p>Donald Trump and Candace Johnson</p> <p>SECTION XI: IMMUNITY, INFLAMMATION, AND DISEASE </p> <p>91 Vitamin D and Innate Immunity</p> <p>John H. White</p> <p>92 Control of Adaptive Immunity by Vitamin D Receptor Agonists</p> <p>Luciano Adorini</p> <p>93 The role of vitamin D in innate immunity: Antimicrobial Activity, Oxidative Stress and Barrier Function</p> <p>Philip T. Liu</p> <p>94 Vitamin D and Diabetes</p> <p>Chantal Mathieu, Conny Gysemans, and Hannelie Korf</p> <p>95 Vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis</p> <p>Colleen E. Hayes, Faye E. Nashold, Justin A. Spanier, Corwin D. Nelson, and Christopher G. Mayne</p> <p>96 Vitamin D and Inflammatory Bowel Disease </p> <p>Margherita Cantorna and Danny Bruce</p> <p>97 Psoriasis and other Skin Diseases</p> <p>Jörg Reichrath and Michael F. Holick</p> <p>SECTION XII: THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS AND NEW ADVANCES </p> <p>98 The Role of Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension</p> <p>Bess Dawson-Hughes and Anastassios G. Pittas</p> <p>99 Vitamin D Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia </p> <p>Mario Maggi, Annamaria Morelli, and Luciano Adorini</p> <p>100 Sunlight protection by Vitamin D Compounds</p> <p>Rebecca S. Mason, Katie M. Dixon, Vanessa Sequiera, and Clare Gordon-Thomas</p> <p>101 The Role of Vitamin D in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatic Disease</p> <p>Timothy M. McAlindon and M. Kyla Shea</p> <p>102 Vitamin D and cardiovascular Disease </p> <p>Harald Dobnig and Harald Sourij</p> <p>103 Vitamin D, Childhood Wheezing, Asthma, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</p> <p>Carlos A. Camargo, Jonathan Mansbach, and Adit Ginde</p> <p>104 Vitamin D and Skeletal Muscle Function </p> <p>Robert U. Simpson and Lisa Ceglia</p> <p>105 VITAL </p> <p>JoAnn E. Manson</p>