An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis

List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Some Informal Definitions
1.3 Overview of Methods
1.4 Outline of Chapters
1.5 What is Your Economics Background?
2: REVIEW OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Production Functions
2.3 Transformation Functions
2.4 Cost Functions
2.5 Revenue Functions
2.6 Profit Functions
2.7 Conclusions
3: PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Set Theoretic Representation of a Production Technology
3.3 Output and Input Distance Functions
3.4 Efficiency Measurement using Distance, Cost and Revenue Functions
3.5 Measuring Productivity and Productivity Change
3.6 Conclusions
4: INDEX NUMBERS AND PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Conceptual Framework and Notation
4.3 Formulae for Price Index Numbers
4.4 Quantity Index Numbers
4.5 Properties of Index Numbers: The Test Approach
4.6 The Economic-Theoretic Approach
4.7 A Simple Numerical Example
4.8 Tansitivity in Multilateral Comparisons
4.9 TFP Change Measurement Using Index Numbers
4.10 Empirical Application: Australian National Railways
4.11 Conclusions
5: DATA AND MEASUREMENT ISSUES
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Outputs
5.3 Inputs
5.4 Prices
5.5 Comparisons over time
5.6 Output aggregates for sectoral and economy-wide comparisons
5.7 Cross-country comparisons of productivity
5.8 Data editing and errors
5.9 Conclusions
6: DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Constant Returns to Scale DEA Model
6.3 The Variable Returns to Scale Model and Scale Efficiencies
6.4 Input and Output Orientations
6.5 Conclusions
7: ADDITIONAL TOPICS ON DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSTS
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Price Information and Allocative Efficiency
7.3 Non-Discretionary Variables
7.4 Adjusting for the Environment
7.5 Input Congestion
7.6 Treatment of Slacks
7.7 Additional Methods
7.8 Empirical Application: Australian Universities
7.9 Conclusions
8: ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Production, Cost and Profit Functions
8.3 Single Equation Estimation
8.4 Imposing Equality Constraints
8.5 Hypothesis Testing
8.6 Systems Estimation
8.7 Inequality Constraints
8.8 The Bayesian Approach
8.9 Simulation Methods
8.10 Conclusion
9: STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Stochastic Production Frontier
9.3 Estimating the Parameters
9.4 Predicting Technical Efficiency
9.5 Hypothesis Testing
9.6 Conclusions
10: ADDITIONAL TOPICS ON STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Distance Functions
10.3 Cost Frontiers
10.4 Decomposing Cost Efficiency
10.5 Scale Efficiency
10.6 Panel Data Models
10.7 Accounting for the Production Environment
10.8 The Bayesian Approach
10.9 Conclusions
11: THE CALCULATION AND DECOMPOSITION OF PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE USING FRONTIER METHODS
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The Malmquist TFP Index and Panel Data
11.3 Calculation using DEA Frontiers
11.4 Calculation using SFA Frontiers
11.5 An Empirical Application
11.6 Conclusions
12: CONCLUSIONS
12.1 Summary of Methods
12.2 Relative Merits of the Methods
12.3 Some Final Points
Appendix 1: Computer Software
Appendix 2: Philippines Rice Data
References
Author Index
Subject Index