Deduction – Introductory Symbolic Logic 2e

Preface to the Second Edition.
.
<p>Acknowledgments..</p>
<p>1. Basic Concepts of Logic:.</p>
<p>Arguments.</p>
<p>Validity.</p>
<p>Implication And Equivalence.</p>
<p>Logical Properties Of Sentences.</p>
<p>Satisfiability.</p>
<p>2. Sentences:.</p>
<p>The Language Of Sentential Logic.</p>
<p>Truth Functions.</p>
<p>A Sentential Language.</p>
<p>Symbolization.</p>
<p>Validity.</p>
<p>Truth Tables.</p>
<p>Truth Tables for Formulas.</p>
<p>Truth Tables for Argument Forms.</p>
<p>Implication, Equivalence and Satisfiability.</p>
<p>3. Truth Trees:.</p>
<p>Thinking Backwards.</p>
<p>Constructing Truth Trees.</p>
<p>Negation, Conjunction, and Disjunction.</p>
<p>The Conditional and Biconditional.</p>
<p>Other Applications.</p>
<p>4. Natural Deduction:.</p>
<p>Natural Deduction Systems.</p>
<p>Rules for Negation and Conjunction.</p>
<p>Rules for the Conditional and Biconditional.</p>
<p>Rules for Disjunction.</p>
<p>Derivable Rules.</p>
<p>5. Quantifiers:.</p>
<p>Constants and Quantifiers.</p>
<p>Categorical Sentence Forms.</p>
<p>Polyadic Predicates.</p>
<p>The Language Q.</p>
<p>Symbolization.</p>
<p>6. Quantified Truth Trees:.</p>
<p>Rules for Quantifiers.</p>
<p>Strategies.</p>
<p>Interpretations.</p>
<p>Constructing Interpretations from Trees.</p>
<p>7. Quantified Natural Deduction:.</p>
<p>Deduction Rules for Quantifiers.</p>
<p>Universal Proof.</p>
<p>Derived Rules for Quantifiers.</p>
<p>8. Identity And Function Symbols:.</p>
<p>Identity.</p>
<p>Truth Tree Rules for Identity.</p>
<p>Deduction Rules for Identity.</p>
<p>Function Symbols.</p>
<p>9. Necessity:.</p>
<p>If.</p>
<p>Modal Connectives.</p>
<p>Symbolization.</p>
<p>Modal Truth Trees.</p>
<p>Other Tree Rules.</p>
<p>World Travelling.</p>
<p>Modal Deduction.</p>
<p>Other Modal Systems.</p>
<p>10. Between Truth And Falsehood:.</p>
<p>Vagueness And Presupposition.</p>
<p>Many–Valued Truth Tables.</p>
<p>Many–Valued Trees.</p>
<p>Many–Valued Deduction.</p>
<p>Fuzzy Logic.</p>
<p>Intuitionistic Logic.</p>
<p>11. Obligation:.</p>
<p>Deontic Connectives.</p>
<p>Deontic Truth Trees.</p>
<p>Deontic Deduction.</p>
<p>Moral and Practical Reasoning.</p>
<p>12. Counterfactuals:.</p>
<p>The Meaning of Counterfactuals.</p>
<p>Truth Tree Rules for Counterfactuals.</p>
<p>Deduction Rules for Counterfactuals.</p>
<p>Stalnaker′s Semantics: System CS.</p>
<p>Lewis′s Semantics: System CL.</p>
<p>13. Common–Sense Reasoning:.</p>
<p>When Good Arguments Go Bad.</p>
<p>Truth Trees.</p>
<p>Defeasible Deduction.</p>
<p>Defeasible Deontic Logic.</p>
<p>14. Quantifiers And Modality:.</p>
<p>Quantified S5.</p>
<p>Free Logic.</p>
<p>Bibliography.</p>
<p>Index.</p>