The Dynamics of Environmental and Economic Systems

<p>Introduction</p><p>VALERIA COSTANTINI AND MASSIMILIANO MAZZANTI </p><p>PART I</p><p>Modelling Macroeconomic Scenarios: Energy Issues, Economic Performances and Environmental Policy</p><p>1         The GTAP-E: Model Description and Improvements</p><p>ALESSANDRO ANTIMIANI, VALERIA COSTANTINI, CHIARA MARTINI, ALESSANDRO PALMA AND MARIA CRISTINA TOMMASINO</p><p>1.1               Introduction</p><p>1.2               Bottom-Up and Top-Down Models</p><p>1.3               The GTAP Model</p><p>1.3.1          An Overview</p><p>1.3.2          The GTAP Database</p><p>1.3.3          Model Structure</p><p>1.4               The GTAP-E Model</p><p>1.4.1          Production Structure</p><p>1.4.2          Consumption Structure</p><p>1.4.3          CO2 Emissions and Related Parameters</p><p>1.4.4          The GTAP-E Revised Version</p><p>1.5               Model Improvements</p><p>1.5.1          CO2 Emissions Data Calibration</p><p>1.5.2          Updated Substitution Elasticities in the Capital-Energy Nest</p><p>1.5.3          Model Setting and Baseline</p><p>1.6               Conclusions and Future Research Steps</p><p>References</p><p>2         Carbon Leakage and Trade Adjustment Policies</p><p>ALESSANDRO ANTIMIANI, VALERIA COSTANTINI, CHIARA MARTINI, LUCA SALVATICI AND MARIA CRISTINA TOMMASINO</p><p>2.1               Introduction</p><p>2.2               Carbon Leakage as a Side Effect of Climate Policies</p><p>2.2.1          A Definition of Carbon Leakage</p><p>2.2.2          How to Design Carbon Border Tax Adjustments</p><p>2.3               Scenario Setting</p><p>2.4               Empirical Results</p><p>2.5               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>3         Theoretical Approaches to Dynamic Efficiency in Policy Contexts. The Case of Renewable Electricity</p><p>PABLO DEL RÌO AND MERCEDES BLEDA</p><p>3.1               Introduction</p><p>3.2               Theoretical Approaches to Analysis of Innovation Effects of RES-E Support</p><p>3.2.1          The Traditional Economics Perspective</p><p>3.2.2          The Systems of Innovation Perspective</p><p>3.2.3          The Literature On Learning Effects</p><p>3.3               Combining Different Perspectives: Points of Complementarity and Conflict</p><p>3.4               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>4         Energy Efficiency Policy in the US: The Impact of the Industrial Assessment Centres (IAC) Programme and State and Regional Climate Policy Actions</p><p>LUIS MARIA ABADIE, RAMON ARIGONI ORTIZ, IBON GALARRAGA AND ANIL MARKANDYA</p><p>4.1               Introduction</p><p>4.2               Determinants of Investments in Energy Efficiency</p><p>4.2.1          Investment Decision: Previous Evidence</p><p>4.2.2          The IAC Database 2011</p><p>4.2.3          The Decision Concerning Energy Efficiency Investment in the IAC Programme</p><p>4.3               Impact of the IAC Programme and the US EPA State and Regional Climate Policies</p><p>4.3.1          Panel Data of Emissions</p><p>4.3.2          The State and Regional Climate Policy Actions</p><p>4.3.3          Estimations</p><p>4.4               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>Appendix</p><p>5         Porter Reloaded: The Role and Effectiveness of Environmental and Social Regulations for Realizing Innovation offsets and Enhancing Firm Competitiveness</p><p>MARCUS WAGNER</p><p>5.1               Introduction</p><p>5.2               Development of Research Questions</p><p>5.3               Data and Methods</p><p>5.4               Results</p><p>5.4.1          Case Based Analysis</p><p>5.4.2          Survey Analysis</p><p>5.5               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>PART II</p><p>Environmental Innovation and Competitiveness: Linking Micro, Meso and Macro Analysis in the Dynamics</p><p>6         Implications of Policy Uncertainty for Innovation in Environmental Technologies. The Case of Public R&D Budgets</p><p>MARGARITA KALAMOVA, NICK JOHNSTONE AND IVAN HAŠČIČ</p><p>6.1               Introduction</p><p>6.2               Policy Uncertainty and Investment Irreversibility</p><p>6.3               Hypothesis</p><p>6.4               Data and Empirical Analysis</p><p>6.5               Conclusions and Policy Implications</p><p>References</p><p>Appendix</p><p>7         Eco-Activity and Innovativeness: What is Their Relation to Environmental Performance in Consumer Firms and Industrial Firms?</p><p>RENE KEMP AND NICOLINE OEHME</p><p>7.1               Introduction</p><p>7.2               Sample</p><p>7.3               Analysis of Environmental Performance and Innovativeness</p><p>7.4               Analysis of Non-Environmental Social and Environmental Performance</p><p>7.5               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>Appendix</p><p>8         Environmental Policy and Induced Technological Change in European Industries</p><p>FRANCESCO CRESPI</p><p>8.1               Introduction</p><p>8.2               Theoretical Background and Empirical Issues</p><p>8.3               Data Description</p><p>8.4               The Econometric Model</p><p>8.5               Empirical Results</p><p>8.6               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>9         Closing the Gap? Dynamic Analyses of Emission Efficiency and Sector Productivity in Europe</p><p>GIOVANNI MARIN</p><p>9.1               Introduction</p><p>9.2               The Empirical Model</p><p>9.3               Dataset Description</p><p>9.4               Empirical Results</p><p>9.5               Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>Appendix</p><p>10     Waste Technology Inventions and Policy Effects in Dynamic Settings. Evidence from OECD Patent Data</p><p>FRANCESCO NICOLLI </p><p>10.1            Introduction</p><p>10.2            Waste, Environmental Policies and Technological Innovation</p><p>10.3            Research Hypothesis, Data and Methodology</p><p>10.3.1      Patent Data</p><p>10.3.2      Relevant Policies</p><p>10.3.3      Other Explanatory Variables</p><p>10.4            Empirical Results</p><p>10.5            Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>11     Biopat: An Investigation Tool for Analysis of Industry Evolution, Technological Paths and Policy Impact in the Biofuels Sector</p><p>VALERIA COSTANTINI, FRANCESCO CRESPI AND YLENIA CURCI</p><p>11.1            Introduction</p><p>11.2            The IPC System and the Green Inventory Database</p><p>11.3            The Biopat Methodology</p><p>11.4            Database Structure and Preliminary Descriptive Statistics</p><p>11.5            Conclusions</p><p>References</p><p>Appendix</p><p>Index</p><p> </p><p>